Chapter 1 (Unit One)

Question 1

What is the meaning of organism?

Answer 1

Living things

Question 2

What is a cell?

Answer 2

It is the smallest unit of life

Question 3

What two types of organisms are there?

Answer 3

Unicellular and multicellular

Question 4

Name the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest

Answer 4

Atom, Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, COmmunity, Ecosystem, Biosphere

Question 5

What is the one thing that living things need to survive?

Answer 5

They need a source of nutrients

Question 6

What is energy?

Answer 6

The capacity to do work

Question 7

What does metabolism mean?

Answer 7

It is the encompassing term for all of the chemical reactions that take place within the body to break down nutrients

Question 8

What is the ultimate source of energy, for nearly all life?

Answer 8

The sun

Question 9

What way do plants and certain other organisms obtain energy?

Answer 9

Via photosyntheis s

Question 10

To survive, it is necessary for an organism to maintain homeostasis..what is homeostasis?

Answer 10

It is the balance between the inside and ouside of an organism

Question 11

What are some of the factos that need to remain within tolerance level of the organism?

Answer 11

Temperature, moisture level, acididty

Question 12

How do organisms make sure all of these factors are controlled?

Answer 12

They have intricate feedback and control mechanisms that do not require any conscious activity

Question 13

Describe this characteristic: Living things respond

Answer 13

living things have to interact with their environment and other living things as well. They have to be able to respond to changes there, in order to successfully continue the species

Question 14

In order for the continuation of the species, what MUST happen?

Answer 14

Reproduction

Question 15

Describe this characteristic: Adaptations?

Answer 15

They are modifications that make organisms better able to live in their environment

Question 16

What do adaptations lead to?

Answer 16

Evolution

Question 17

Define evolution

Answer 17

The process by which populations of organisms change over the course of many generations to become more suited to their environments

Question 18

Although all organisms are very diverse, they share the same characterisitcs. True of False

Answer 18

Ture

Question 19

What is taxonomony?

Answer 19

It is the subject are of identifying and goruping organisms according to certain rules

Question 20

What are the basic classification categories in taxonomy? (from least inclusive to most inclusive)

Answer 20

Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

Question 21

What are the three domains?

Answer 21

domain Bacteria, domain Archaea, domain Eukarya

Question 22

How are domain Bacteria and domain Archaea related?

Answer 22

They both evolved from a common ancestor

Question 23

What type of organism does Doman Archaea and Domain Bacteria contain?

Answer 23

They contain prokaryotes

Question 24

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 24

They lack a membrane bound nucleus

Question 25

What type of organism is found in Domain Eukarya?

Answer 25

Eukaryotes

Question 26

What is the difference between Archaea and bacteria?

Answer 26

Arcahea organize their DNA differently from bacteria, and their cell walls and membranes are cehmically more similar to eukaryotes to bacteria

Question 27

What are the four major kingdoms within Domain Eukarya?

Answer 27

Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals

Question 28

Describe the plant kingdom:

Answer 28

• Made up of certain algae, mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants
• Multicellular, usually with specialized tissues
• Photosynthesize food

Question 29

Describe the animal kingdom:

Answer 29

• Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, frogs, turtles, birds, and mammals
• Multicellular with specialized tissues containing complex cells
• Ingest food

Question 30

Describe the Fungi kingdom

Answer 30

• Molds, mushrooms, yeasts, ringworms
• Mostly multicellular filaments with specialized complex cells
• Absorb food

Question 31

What is the name that describes how scientists name animals?

Answer 31

Binomial Nomenclature

Question 32

What is binomial nomeclature?

Answer 32

It si the two part named assigned to each species. The first word is the genus and the second word is the specific epithet

Question 33

What is natural selection?

Answer 33

Some aspect of the environment selectrs the traits that are more apt to be passed down. Those animals with those particular traits will survive, while others will die

Question 34

What is oen genetic thing that helps natural selection be continued?

Answer 34

Mutations

Question 35

What is the biosphere?

Answer 35

Zone of air, land and water at he surface of the earth, where organisms exist

Question 36

Organisms belong to a population, which is what?

Answer 36

All the members of a species within a particular area

Question 37

What do populations belong to?

Answer 37

They belong to a community

Question 38

A community’s interaction with the environment forms a—?

Answer 38

ecosystem

Question 40

What is Biodiversity?

Answer 40

The total number and relative abundance of species, variability of their genes, and the different ecosystems in which they live

Question 41

What is extinction

Answer 41

Teh death of a species or larger classification category

Question 42

What is the order of the Scientific Method?

Answer 42

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment/Observation, Conclusion, Scientific Theory