Chapter 2: Exploring Diversity of Matter by its Physical Properties Flashcards
What are the five main classes of materials?
ceramic, metals, glass, fibers, and plastics
What are the 6
characteristics of ceramics?
Made from clay, poor conductor of electricity, can be molded into shapes, does not corrode, has a high melting point, fragile.
What are the 5 characteristics of metals?
Shiny, good conductor of heat, good conductor of electricity, can be molded into shapes, can be bent without breaking.
What are the 6 characteristics of glass?
Fragile, poor conductor of electricity, poor conductor of heat, can be molded into shapes, has a high melting point, transparent.
What are the 6 characteristics of plastic?
Lightweight, does not corrode, can be molded into shapes, has a low melting point, poor conductor of heat and electricity.
What are the 4 characteristics of fibers?
Can be spun into threads and woven into fabrics, able to absorb dyes, poor conductors of electricity and heat.
What are the 8 physical properties of materials?
Electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, melting point, boiling point, density, hardness, flexibility, strength.
Define electrical conductors.
Materials that allow electric current to flow through them easily.
Define electrical insulators.
Materials that do not allow an electric current to flow through them easily.
Define electrical conductivity.
It is the measure of how easily an electric current flows through a material.
Define thermal conductivity.
It is the measure of how easily heat flows through a material.
Define melting point.
It is the temperature at which a material changes from the solid state to the liquid state.
Define boiling point.
It is the temperature at which a material changes from the liquid state to the gaseous state.
Define strength.
It is the ability to support a heavy load without changing its shape permanently
Define hardness.
It is the resistance to wear and tear and scratches.
What can a hard material do?
A hard material can scratch a material that is softer than itself.
Define flexibility.
It is the ability to bend without breaking, and is able to return to its initial shape and size after bending.
Define density.
It refers to the amount of matter in an object has in proportion to its volume.
What is the SI unit for mass?
kilograms (kg)
What is the SI unit for volume?
cubic metre.
What is the SI unit for length
metre
What can you use to measure mass?
beam balance or electronic balance.
What can you use to measure volume of liquids?
Beaker, measuring cylinder, syringe, pipette, burette
What can you use to measure the volume of irregular solids?
We can use the displacement method.
What should you do if the object floats on the water?
tie a sinker to it.
What does the density of an object affect?
It affects whether an object sinks or floats.
Heavy objects do not always _____, while light objects do not always ___________
sink, float
