Chapter 2: Exploring Diversity of Matter by its Physical Properties Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the five main classes of materials?

A

ceramic, metals, glass, fibers, and plastics

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2
Q

What are the 6
characteristics of ceramics?

A

Made from clay, poor conductor of electricity, can be molded into shapes, does not corrode, has a high melting point, fragile.

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3
Q

What are the 5 characteristics of metals?

A

Shiny, good conductor of heat, good conductor of electricity, can be molded into shapes, can be bent without breaking.

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4
Q

What are the 6 characteristics of glass?

A

Fragile, poor conductor of electricity, poor conductor of heat, can be molded into shapes, has a high melting point, transparent.

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5
Q

What are the 6 characteristics of plastic?

A

Lightweight, does not corrode, can be molded into shapes, has a low melting point, poor conductor of heat and electricity.

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6
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of fibers?

A

Can be spun into threads and woven into fabrics, able to absorb dyes, poor conductors of electricity and heat.

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7
Q

What are the 8 physical properties of materials?

A

Electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, melting point, boiling point, density, hardness, flexibility, strength.

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8
Q

Define electrical conductors.

A

Materials that allow electric current to flow through them easily.

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9
Q

Define electrical insulators.

A

Materials that do not allow an electric current to flow through them easily.

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10
Q

Define electrical conductivity.

A

It is the measure of how easily an electric current flows through a material.

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11
Q

Define thermal conductivity.

A

It is the measure of how easily heat flows through a material.

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12
Q

Define melting point.

A

It is the temperature at which a material changes from the solid state to the liquid state.

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13
Q

Define boiling point.

A

It is the temperature at which a material changes from the liquid state to the gaseous state.

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14
Q

Define strength.

A

It is the ability to support a heavy load without changing its shape permanently

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15
Q

Define hardness.

A

It is the resistance to wear and tear and scratches.

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16
Q

What can a hard material do?

A

A hard material can scratch a material that is softer than itself.

17
Q

Define flexibility.

A

It is the ability to bend without breaking, and is able to return to its initial shape and size after bending.

18
Q

Define density.

A

It refers to the amount of matter in an object has in proportion to its volume.

19
Q

What is the SI unit for mass?

A

kilograms (kg)

20
Q

What is the SI unit for volume?

A

cubic metre.

21
Q

What is the SI unit for length

A

metre

22
Q

What can you use to measure mass?

A

beam balance or electronic balance.

23
Q

What can you use to measure volume of liquids?

A

Beaker, measuring cylinder, syringe, pipette, burette

24
Q

What can you use to measure the volume of irregular solids?

A

We can use the displacement method.

25
Q

What should you do if the object floats on the water?

A

tie a sinker to it.

26
Q

What does the density of an object affect?

A

It affects whether an object sinks or floats.

27
Q

Heavy objects do not always _____, while light objects do not always ___________

A

sink, float

28
Q
A