Chapter 2: Cell Biology and Organization

Question 1

how amoeba eat food

Answer 1

1. move towards the food by extending the psuedopodium (false feet)
2. trap the food by phagocytosis
3. food vacuole combine with lysosome to secrete lysozyme
4. food particles are hydrolysed by lysozyme in lysosome
5. nutrient is absord into cytoplasm
6. waste product is expelled behind as the amoeba move away

Question 2

how freshwater amoeba expel excess water from body

Answer 2

Osmoregulation

• water diffuse into contractile vacuole via osmosis
• when vacuole expand to maximum size, contractile vacuole contract
• water is excreted to surrouding

Question 3

reproduction of amoeba and paramecium

Answer 3

In favorable environment,
- binary fission

Unfavorable environment,

• (amoeba) form spores that only germinate when the environment improve
• (paramecium) conjugation

Question 4

epithelial tissues

• trachea and bronchus
• oesophagus
• lungs and blood vessel
• kidney ducts and gland
• small intestine

Answer 4

Trachea, bronchus
- long and thick cell with mucous gland and cillia

Oesophagus
- small and thick cell

Lungs, blood vessel, body cavity
- thin and flat cell

kidney ducts, gland
- thin and circular

small intestine
- long and thick cell with mucous gland

Question 5

3 muscle tissues

Answer 5

Skeletal muscle

• striated
• voluntary action
• contract and relax to generate movement

Smooth muscle

• not striated
• involuntary action
• peristalsis of digestive tract

Cardiac muscle

• involuntary action
• contract to pump blood from heart to whole body

Question 6

hereditary disease cause failure of enzyme to produced in lysosome

Answer 6

Tay-Sachs