Chapter 2 Bolded Words

Question 0

Cell membrane

Answer 0

Surrounds and protects the cell and also regulates what passes into and out of the cell

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Smallest living unit

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Controls the operations of the cell. It directs cell division and determines the structure and function of the cell

Question 3

Chromosomes

Answer 3

Within the nucleus. All human body cells except for the arc cells , the egg and the sperm

Question 4

Anabolism

Answer 4

Process of building up a large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids. -Ana means up, -bol means to cast, and -ism is a process

Question 5

Catabolism

Answer 5

Process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released. -cata means down, Bol- means to cast, and ism- is a process

Question 6

Cytoplasm

Answer 6

All the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane.

Question 7

DNA

Answer 7

Chemical found within each chromosome. Arrange like a sequence of recipes in code, it direct the activities of the cell

Question 8

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

Network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell. Here, large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces.

Question 9

Genes

Answer 9

Regions of DNA within each chromosome

Question 10

Karyotype

Answer 10

Picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. The chromosomes arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure

Question 11

Metabolism

Answer 11

Total of the chemical process in a cell. It includes catabolism and anabolism.
Meta- means to change

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

Structure in the cytoplasm that provides the principal source of energy (miniature “power plants”) for the cell. Catabolism is the process that occurs in mitochondria.