Chapter 2 Body Organization Flashcards
what are the main cavities in the body
Dorsal Cavity & Ventral Cavity
- Cranial Cavity (brain)
-Vertebral Cavity (spinal cord & nerve roots)
-Thoracic Cavity (Pleural, Pericardial, Mediastinum)
-Abdominopelvic cavity (adominal cavity & pelvic cavity)
-Peritoneal Cavity
contains the brain
Cranial cavity
contains the spinal cord & nerve roots
Vertebral Cavity or vertebral canal
cranial cavity and vertebral cavity are lined by membranes called
Meninges
main respiratory muscle
Diaphragm
lies superior to the diaphragm, fills the thoracic region and includes several smaller cavities
Thoracic cavity
containing the Lungs
Pleural Cavity
containing the heart
Pericardial cavity
-contains heart, thymus, trachea, esophagus and great vessels
-lies between the lungs, between the sternum (breastbone) & vertebrae, between base of the neck & diaphragm
Mediastinum
Cranial cavity contains?
Brain
Vertebral Cavity contains?
Spinal cord & nerve roots
Thoracic cavity contains?
Pleural Cavity
Pericardial Cavity
Mediastinum
Pleural Cavity contains?
Lungs
Pericardial cavity contains?
Heart
Mediastinum contains?
trachea, esophagus, thymus, heart
cavity that lies inferior to the diaphragm
Abdominopelvic cavity
what are the cavities in the abdominopelvic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
Peritoneal cavity
houses the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, small intestine, large intestine, kidneys, ureters
Abdominal cavity
contains the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, urethra, rectum , anal canal
Pelvic cavity
thin sheets of tissues that line all of the openings and cavities of the body
Membranes
line the internal walls of thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities & cover most of internal organs of these cavities
Serous membrane
outer membrane that attaches to the CAVITY WALL
Parietal layer
inner membrane attaches to the SURFACE OF internal organs
Visceral Layer
produced by the cells in membrane to reduce friction between the layers when organs shift position
Serous Fluid
serous pericardium surrounding the heart is composed of
Parietal Pericardium
& Visceral Pericardium
Pleura surrounds the Lungs and is composed of
Parietal Pleura
& Visceral Pleura
Peritoneum surrounding the abdominal organs is composed of
Parietal Peritoneum
& Visceral Peritoneum
parietal and visceral peritoneum is separated by?
Peritoneal cavity
some abdominal organs such as the kidneys and pancreas lie posterior to the parietal peritoneum within the?
Retroperitoneal space
what organs are in the Retroperitoneal space
Kidneys & Pancreas
formed by one vertical line and horizontal line that meet at the UMBILICUS (navel)
Quadrants
what are the four quadrants?
patient is facing you
Right Upper Quadrant/Left Upper Quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant/Left Lower Quadrant
composed of two or more tissues working together to carry out specific functions within the body
Organ
combinations of organs that perform more general roles
Organ System
state of equilibrium( balance) needed for organism survival
Homeostasis
What are the 11 organ systems
CDEILMNRRSU
heart, blood vessels, blood, bone marrow
Cardiovascular system
mouth, teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, gall bladder
Digestive system
pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, pineal gland, hypothalamus
Endocrine System
skin, hair, nails, cutaneous glands
Integumentary System
spleen, bone barrow, thymus, tonsils, lymph nodes, lymphoid tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph
Lymphatic system
skeletal muscles
Muscular system
brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, sensory receptors
Nervous System
penis, prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbo urethral,
vagina, uterus, ovaries
Reproductive System
Male
Female
nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
Respiratory System
Bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow
Skeletal Systems
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Urinary system
The liver is in the ?
quadrant
Right Upper Quadrant
The appendix is in the ?
quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant
The stomach is in the?
quadrant
Left Upper Quadrant
give the organs in the Right Upper Quadrant
-Liver
-Gall Bladder
-Ascending colon
-transverse colon
-bile duct
give the organs in the Left Upper Quadrant
-stomach
-spleen
-pancreas
-pancreatic duct
-duodenum
-descending colon
organs in the right lower quadrant
-appendix
-cecum
-vermiform
organs in the left lower quadrant
-rectum
-anus
-small intestine
what are the nine regions
-Right hypochondrium
-Epigastric region
-Left hypochondrium
-Right Flank
-Umbilical Region
-Left Flank
-Right Inguinal
-Pubic Region
-Left Inguinal
