Chapter 1 The language of Anatomy Flashcards
carries the primary meaning of the word
Root
precedes the root and often alters its meaning
Prefix
follows the root to alter its meaning
Suffix
excessive; above normal
Hyper
deficient; below normal
Hypo
inter
between
intra
within
the body is in an erect stance facing forward
upper limbs straight
palms forward
fingers pointing downward at slight angle
lower limbs straight and slightly apart with toes pointing forward and soles of the feet flat on the floor
Anatomical position
Bodies major components
Head
Neck
Trunk(thorax, abdomen,pelvis)
Upper Limbs
Lower Limbs
Trunk major components
Thorax
Abdomen
Pelvis
extends between the neck and diaphragm
Thorax
extends between the diaphragm and superior part of the hip bones
Abdomen
located between the hip bones
Pelvis
extends between the shoulder and fingertips
Upper limb
extends between the hip and the tips of the toes
Lower limb
a group of anatomical terms are used to describe the location of body parts
Directional terms
toward the surface of the body organ
Superficial (external)
away from the surface of the body or organ
Deep (internal)
on the same side of the body
Ipsilateral
on the opposite side of the body
Contralateral
what are the 8 directional terms?
Superior & Inferior
Anterior & Posterior
Medial & Lateral
Proximal & Distal
closer to the head of the body
Superior
closer to the feet of the body
Inferior
closer to the midline or median plane
Medial
away from the midline or median plane
Lateral
closer to the point of attachment or origin
Proximal
further from the point of attachment or origin
Distal
toward the front of the body or closer to the front of the body
Anterior
toward the back of the body or closer to the back of the body
Posterior
imaginary flat surface that passes through the body or an organ
Plane
dividing the body into anterior or posterior portions
Frontal or coronal plane
divides the body into right and left portions
Sagittal plane
the sagittal plane dividing the body into equal right and left halves
median sagittal plane or midsagittal plane
divides the body unequally is called
paramedian or parasagittal plane
divides the body into superior and inferior portions
Transverse plane
occurs at an angle in between the transverse plane and longitudinal axis
Oblique plane
CUTTING through the body or an organ along a specific plane creates a
Section
a CUT along the longitudinal axis produces
Longitudinal section
CUT along the transverse plane
Cross section
what are the 4 planes
-Frontal Plane
-Sagittal plane (median sagittal & paramedian sagittal)
-Transverse Plane
-Oblique Plane
