Chapter 2 Flashcards
Fire Retardent
Any substance, except plain water, that when applied to another material or substance will reduce the flammability of fuels or slow their rate of combustion by chemical or physical action.
Fire Stop
Solid materials, such as wood blocks, used to prevent or limit the vertical and horizontal spread of fire and the products of combustion; installed in hollow walls or floors, above false ceilings, in penetrations for plumbing or electrical installations, in penetrations of a fire-rated assembly, or in cocklofts and crawl spaces.
Occupancy
Building code classification based on the use to which owners or tenants put buildings or portions of buildings. Regulated by the various building and fire codes. Also know as Occupancy Classification.
Fire Load
Maximum amount of heat that can be released if all fuel in a given area is consumed; expressed in pounds per square foot and obtained by dividing the amount of fuel present by the floor area. Used as a measure of the potential heat release of a fire within a compartment. Similar to Fuel Load and Heat of combustion.
Heat of Combustion
Total amount of thermal energy (heat) that could be generated by the combustion (oxidation) reaction if a fuel were completely burned. The heat of combustion is measured in British Thermal Units (Btu) per pound, kilojoules per gram, or Megajoules per kilogram.
Fire Resistance
The ability of a structural assembly or material to maintain its load-bearing ability under fire conditions.
Fire Resistance Rating
Rating assigned to material or assembly after standardized testing by an independent testing organization; identifies the amount of time a material or assembly will resist a typical fire, as measured on a standard time-temperature curve.
NFPA 220
Standard on types of building construction
First digit
Fire resistance rating in hours of exterior bearing walls
Second digit
Fire resistance rating of structural frames or columns and girders that support loads of more than one floor
Third digit
Fire resistance rating of the floor construction
Reinforced concrete can fail
Under an explosion or intense fire of long duration
Type II-A (protected) requires
That structural components have one hour fire resistance
The use of unprotected steel is the
Most common characteristic of unprotected, noncombustible construction.
The most commonly used test for determining combustibility
ASTM E 136 standard test method for behavior of materials in a vertical tube furnace at 750C
A greater heat release rate
Results in a faster developing fire
Laboratory testing is the
Most common method used to determine fire resistance
ASTM E 119 also known as NFPA 251
Standard method of test of fire endurance of building construction and materials
ASTM Standard 1529
Standard test methods for determining effects of large hydrocarbon pool fires
IBC occupancy classification
Assembly Business Educational Factories High hazard groups Institutional Mercantile Residential Storage group Utility and miscellaneous group
NFPA occupancy classification
Assembly educational Day care Health care Ambulatory health care Detention and correctional Residential Residential board and care Mercantile Business Industrial Storage
With the wxception of type IV, heavy timber the major classification are
Further divided into teo or three subclassifications.
Type II-A requires
That structural components have one hour fire resistance
