Chapter 11

Question 1

Lamella Arch

Answer 1

Arched roof structure composed of a series of intersecting, skewed arches, made up of relatively short, straight members; two members are bolted, riveted, or welded to a third piece at its center.

Question 2

Joists

Answer 2

Horizontal structural members used to support a ceiling or floor. Drywall materials are nailed or screwed to the ceiling joists, and the subfloor is nailed or screwed to the floor joists.

Question 3

Inverted Truss

Answer 3

Truss support system that is constructed with a deep triangular portion projecting down instead of up, and the portions of a standard truss are under compression instead of tension.

Question 4

Conventionally Framed Roofs

Answer 4

Roofing system constructed on site; often uses dimensional lumber and nails/screws but can also use preengineered components.

Question 5

Rafter

Answer 5

Inclined beam that supports a roof, runs parallel to the slope of the roof, and to which the roof decking is attached.

Question 6

Ridge Board

Answer 6

Highest horizontal member in a pitched roof to which the upper ends of the rafters attach. Also known as Ridgepole

Question 7

Collar Tie

Answer 7

Horizontal roof framing member in the top third of the framing system; braces the roof framing against the uplift of wind.

Question 8

Rafter Tie

Answer 8

Horizontal roof framing member at the bottom of th roof framing system; helps keep walls from spreading due to the weight of the roof.

Question 9

Common Truss

Answer 9

Truss structure with the chords and diagonal members arranged in parallel planes. Also known as Monoplane Truss.

Question 10

Roll Roofing

Answer 10

Roof covering made of flexible material that may be applied to the roof as a deck continuous sheet. Commonly used on shallow pitch roofs.

Question 11

Purlin

Answer 11

Horizontal member between trusses that support the roof.

Question 12

Nailability

Answer 12

Property of a material that allows it to accept a fastener, such as a nail. Nailable materials include wood, gypsum, and some thin metals.

Question 13

Green Design

Answer 13

Term used to describe the incorporation of such environmental principles as energy efficiency and environmentally friendly building materials into design and construction.

Question 14

Photovoltaic (PV) System

Answer 14

An arrangement of components that convey electrical power to an energy system by converting solar energy into direct current (DC) electricity

Question 15

Clean Energy

Answer 15

Energy sources that meet the needs of current consumers without compromising future resources. Also known as Sustainable Energy.

Question 16

Green Roof

Answer 16

Roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over waterproof roofing elements. Term can also indicate the presence of green design technology including photvoltaic systems and reflective surfaces.

Question 17

Gable roof

Answer 17

Common roof style that consists of two incline surfaces meet at their high side to form a ridge

Question 18

Hip roof

Answer 18

Style that slopes in four directions and has a degree of slope similar to the gable roof

Question 19

Gambrel roofs

Answer 19

Slope in two directions, but there will be a break in the slope on each side. The space under gambrel roof can be used as an attic or living space

Question 20

Mansard roof

Answer 20

Has a break in the slope of the roof on all four sides. A mansard roof constructed with a flat deck is sometimes known as a modern mansard or deck roof. The mansard style roof forms a projection beyond the building wall that creates a concealed space through which a fire can travel.

Question 21

Butterfly roof

Answer 21

Roof style that slopes in two directions basically two shed roofs that meet at their low eaves

Question 22

Monitor roof

Answer 22

Style designed to provide light and ventilation. Monitor roofs were once commonly used on factory buildings. A raised central section of the roof extends several feet above the surrounding roof surface. The vertical sides of this monitor section, which are normally open of all windows are known as clerestories

Question 23

Sawtooth roof

Answer 23

A style also once commonly used on industrial buildings for lights and ventilation. Ideally the glass vertical section should face north because the northern light is more consistent during the day and the glare of the sun can be avoided.

Question 24

The most common roof types constructed with conventional framing include

Answer 24

She’d
Gable
Hip
Gambrel
Mansard

Question 25

The vapor barrier is designed to

Answer 25

Reduce the diffusion of interior moisture into the insulation layer

Question 26

The thermal insulation reduces

Answer 26

Heat loss through the roof. The insulation should have resistance to mechanical damage such as gouging, moisture decay, and fire

Question 27

The membrane used under a roof consist of

Answer 27

Waterproof material that keeps out rain and snow from the interior of the building

Question 28

Built up membranes

Answer 28

Built up membranes use several overlapping layers of roofing felt saturated with bituminous material that may be either tar or asphalt . The roofing felt usually is supplied in rolls 3 feet wide. The number of layers of roofing felt used varies, but four layers is a common design

Question 29

Single ply membrane

Answer 29

The membrane material comes in sheets 10 or 20 feet wide and up to 200 feet long. The membrane are thin typically 0.03 to 0.10 inches thick. The most common is a synthetic rubber material, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) Single ply materials can be stretched and consequently will accommodate shifting in a building

Question 30

Fluid applied membrane

Answer 30

Fluid applied membrane are useful for buildings with curved roof surfaces such as domes that would be difficult to cover with other materials

Question 31

Wear course

Answer 31

The wear course protects the roof from mechanical abrasion.

Question 32

NFPA 256

Answer 32

Standard methods of fire tests of roof coverings. Also designated ASTM E-108

Question 33

Six separate test procedures

Answer 33

Intermittent flame exposure test
Burning brand test
Flying brand test
Rain test
Weathering test
Spread of flame test

Question 34

Class A roof covering

Answer 34

Are effective against a severe fire exposure

Question 35

Class B roof covering are

Answer 35

Effective against a moderate fire exposure

Question 36

Class C roof coverings are

Answer 36

Effective against a light fire exposure

Question 37

Wood panel decking may have a thickness of

Answer 37

1/2 inch on supports 24 inches on center

Question 38

Wood planks will have a minimum

Answer 38

1 inch nominal thickness