Chapter 2

Question 1

Ethnography

Answer 1

the method by which researchers attempt to understand a group or culture by observing it from the inside, without imposing any preconceived notions they might have

Question 2

Interjudge Reliability

Answer 2

the level of agreement between two or more people who independently observe and code a set of data

Question 3

Archival Analysis

Answer 3

A form of the observational method in which the researcher examines the accumulated documents of a culture

Question 4

Correlational Method

Answer 4

the technique whereby two or more variables are systematically measured and the relationship between them is assessed

Question 5

Probability Level (p-value)

Answer 5

a calculated # that tells researchers how likely it is that the results of their experiment occurred by chance and not because of the indept variable. Exp results are considered significant if p-value is less than 5 in 100

Question 6

Internal Validity

Answer 6

making sure that nothing besides the independent variable can affect the dependent variable

Question 7

External Validity

Answer 7

the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other situations and other people

Question 8

Psychological Realism

Answer 8

the extent to which the psychological processes triggered in an experiment are similar to psych. processes that occur in everyday life

Question 9

Basic research vs. applied research

Answer 9

basic research - conducted purely for reasons of intellectual curiosity; applied research = designed to solve a particular social problem

Question 10

Mundane Realism

Answer 10

degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations