Chapter 2

Question 1

The Neuron fiber that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles and glands is the ____.

Answer 1

AXON

Question 2

The tiny space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another is called the _______.

Answer 2

Synaptic Gap.

Question 3

Regarding a neuron’s response to stimulation, the intensity of the stimulus determines:

Answer 3

whether or not an impulse is generated.

Question 4

In sending neuron, when action potential reaches an axon terminal, the impulse triggers the release of chemical messengers called ___________.

Answer 4

Neurotransmitters.

Question 5

Endorphins are released in the brain in response to…

Answer 5

Pain or vigorous exercise.

Question 6

The word Autonomic means:

Answer 6

Self-regulating.

Question 7

The sympathetic nervous system arouses us for action and the parasympathetic nervous system calm us down, together, the two systems make up the ___________ system.

Answer 7

Autonomic.

Question 8

Neurons of the spinal cord are part of the _______ nervous system.

Answer 8

Central

Question 9

The most influential endocrine gland, known as the master gland, is the _________.

Answer 9

Pituitary.

Question 10

The ______ _______ secret epinephrine and norepinephrine, helping to arouse the body during times of stress.

Answer 10

Ardenal Glands.

Question 11

The part of the brain stream that controls heartbeat and breathing is the _________.

Answer 11

Medulla.

Question 12

The thalamus functions as a ________.

Answer 12

Sensory control center.

Question 13

The lower brain structure that governs arousal is the ________.

Answer 13

Reticular information.

Question 14

The part of the brain that coordinates voluntary movement and enables nonverbal learning and memory is the ________.

Answer 14

Cerebellum.

Question 15

Two parts of the limbic system are the amygdala and the _______.

Answer 15

Hippocampus.

Question 16

A cat’s ferocious response to electrical brain stimulation would lead you to suppose the electrode had touched the __________.

Answer 16

Amygdala.

Question 17

The neural structure that most directly regulates eating, drinking, and body temperature is the ________.

Answer 17

Hypothalamus.

Question 18

The initial reward center discovered by Olds and Milner was located in the _________.

Answer 18

Hypothalamus.

Question 19

If a neurosurgeon stimulated your right motor cortex, you would most likely _________.

Answer 19

move your left leg.

Question 20

How do you different neural networks communicate with one another to let you respond when a friend greets you at a party?

Answer 20

The Visual cortex is a neural network of sensory neurons connected via interneurons to other neural networks, including auditory networks.

Question 21

Which of the following body regions has the greatest representation in the somatosensory cortex?

Answer 21

Lips.

Question 22

Judging and planning are enabled by the ______ lobes.

Answer 22

Frontal.

Question 23

What would it be like to talk on the phone if you didn’t have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand?

Answer 23

You would hear sounds, but without the temporal lobe association areas you would be unable to make sense of what you were hearing.

Question 24

The “uncommitted” areas that make up about three-fourths of the cerebral cortex are called ______ _______.

Answer 24

Association areas.

Question 25

Plasticity is especially evident in the brains of _______.

Answer 25

Young children.

Question 26

Studies of people with split brains and brain scans of those with undivided brains indicate that the left hemisphere excels in _______.

Answer 26

Processing language.

Question 27

Damage to the brain’s right hemisphere is most likely to reduce a person’s ability to _______.

Answer 27

Make inferences.