chapter 2 (2.1) Flashcards
Definition of breathing
The process of inhaling and exhaling air by the lungs
Definition of human respiratory system
The system in the body that helps us to breath
What is the function of human respiratory system?
To supply the body with oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide
What is the function of nasal cavity?
-Moisten the air that passes through
-Trap dust particles in the air
What is larynx?
Voice box
Descibe lungs
-A soft and spongy organ
-Located in the thoracic cavity
-Protected by a bony structure called the rib cage
State the order of passage of air in the human respiratory system.
1.Nostrils
2.Nasal cavity
3.Pharynx
4.Larynx
5.Trachea
6.Bronchus
7.Bronchiole
8.Alveolus
State the characteristics of inhalation
-Internal intercostal muscles relax
-External intercostal muscles contract
-Rib cage move upwards and outwards (caused by the action of intercostal muscles)
-Diaphragm contracts, moves downwards and flattens
-Volume of thoracic cavity increases (caused by the action of the diaphragm and the rib cage)
-Air is pushed into the lungs as the inhaled air
-Air pressure in the lungs decreases
State the characteristics of exhalation
-Internal intercostal muscles contract
-External intercostal muscles relax
-Rib cage move downwards and inwards (caused by the action of intercostal muscles)
-Diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards to become dome-shaped
-Volume of thoracic cavity decreases (caused by the action of the diaphragm and the rib cage)
-Air is pushed out the lungs as the exhaled air
-Air pressure in the lungs increases
What does the epiglottis do when swallowing bolus into the oesophagus?
Drops down and closes the trachea
What does the epiglottis do when breathing?
Moves up causing the trachea to open
