Chapter 2

Question 1

Chemical Bond

Answer 1

valence electrons of the combining atoms form attractive bonds

Question 2

ionic bond

Answer 2

attraction between ions of opposite charges

Question 3

covalent bond

Answer 3

chemical bond formed by two atoms sharing one or more pairs of electrons

Question 4

hydrogen bond

Answer 4

hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to one oxygen or nitrogen atom. do not bond atoms but serve as a bridge between different molecules

Question 5

anabolism

Answer 5

pathways of synthesis reactions in living organisms

Question 6

catabolism

Answer 6

decomposition reactions that occur in living organisms

Question 7

acid

Answer 7

disassociates hydrogen ions. proton donor

Question 8

base

Answer 8

disassociates hydroxyl groups (OH-). proton acceptor

Question 9

hydroxyl group

Answer 9

-OH

Question 10

carboxyl group

Answer 10

-COOH

Question 11

phosphate group

Answer 11

-H2PO4

Question 12

amino group

Answer 12

-NH2

Question 13

monosaccharides

Answer 13

3-7 carbons long

Question 14

simple lipids

Answer 14

glycerol and fatty acids joined by dehydration synthesis

Question 15

complex lipids

Answer 15

contain a phosphate, nitrogen, or phosphate

Question 16

steroids

Answer 16

4 carbon rings with an OH group attached to one ring

Question 17

nucleotide

Answer 17

consist of pentose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen containing base (A, T, C, G, U)