Chapter 2 Flashcards
In ionic compounds, cations are attracted to negative end and anions attracted to positive end of water molecules; the ions separate and each become surrounded by water molecules
Dissociation or Separation
Ability of one substance to dissolve in another
Solubility
Dissociation of an ionic compound in water; has the capacity to conduct an electric current
Electrolyte
Solutions made by molecules that dissolve in water, but do not dissociate; do not conduct electricity
Nonelectrolytes
Substances that enter into a chemical reaction
Reactants
Substances that result from the reaction
Products
All anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body
Metabolism
When one electron is shared but is needed more in one element
Polar Covalent Bond
Electrons are shared equally between atoms in a covalent bond
Nonpolar Covalent Bond
Two or more reactants chemically combine to form a new and larger product
Synthesis Reaction
Synthetic reaction where water is a product
Dehydration
Chemical bonds made; energy stored in the bonds. Responsible for growth, main tends and repair.
Anabolism
What two parts are in synthesis reactions?
Anabolism and dehydration
A large reactant is broken down to form smaller products.
Decomposition Reactions
Chemical bonds broken; energy released
Catabolism
Water is split into two parts that contribute to the formation of the products
Hydrolysis
Chemical reactions in which the reaction can proceed either from reactants to products or form products to reactants.
Reversible Reactions
Ability to do work
Energy
Energy stored in chemical bonds; energy that could do work if it were released.
Potential Energy
Does work and moves matter.
Kinetic Energy
Energy resulting from the position or movement of objects
Mechanical Energy
Form of potential energy in the chemical bonds of a substance
Chemical Energy
Energy that flows between objects of different temperatures
Heat Energy
Substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being permanently changed or depleted
Catalyst
