Axial Skeleton Flashcards
Axial skeleton is made up of:
Skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax.
The skull is composed of two sets of bones called:
Cranial bones and Facial bones
Interlocking joints that join all but one of the bones of the skull.
Suture
Joins parietal bones.
Sagittal Sutures
Point where the parietal meets the frontal.
Coronal Sutures
Point where the parietal meets the temporal.
Squamous Sutures
Point where the occipital meets the parietal.
Lambdoid Sutures
Name the 8 bones bones composing the cranium.
Frontal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Right Parietal, Left Parietal, Right Temporal, and Left Temporal.
Bony cavity containing the eyes.
Orbit
Bone forming anterior cranium.
Frontal
Cheekbone
Zygomatic
Upper jaw
Maxilla
Bone skeleton of nose
Nasal
Posterior roof of mouth
Mandible
Bone pair united by the Sagittal suture
Parietal
Site of jugular foramen and carotid canal
Temporal
Contains a “saddle” that houses the pituitary gland.
Sphenoid
Allows tear ducts to pass
Lacrimal
Forms most of hard palate
Maxilla
Superior and medial nasal conchae are part of this bone
Ethmoid
Facial bone that contains a sinus
Maxilla
Site of external auditory meatus
Temporal
Has greater and lesser wings
Sphenoid
It’s “holey” plate allows olfactory debts to pass
Ethmoid
Three cranial bones containing paranasal sinuses.
Sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal.
It’s oval-shaped protrusions articulate with the atlas.
Occipital
Not really a skull bone
Hyoid
Forms the chin
Mandible
Inferior part of nasal septum
Vomer
Containing alveoli bearing teeth
Maxilla and mandible
Vertebral type with a forked spinous process
Cervical vertebra
Pivots on C2; lacks a body
Atlas
Bear facets for articulation with ribs; form part of bony thoracic cage.
Thoracic vertebra
Forms a joint with the hip bone
Sacrum
What kind of tissue makes up the intervertebral discs?
Fibrocartilage
The major components of the thorax are the:
Sternum and ribs
A bridge like projection that joins the zyogomatic bone anteriorly.
Zygomatic process
Canal leading to eardrum.
External acoustic meatus
Needle like projection inferior to external auditory meatus that serves as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments of the neck.
Styloid process
Rough projection inferior and posterior to external auditory meatus; an attachment for muscles.
Mastoid process
Opening medial to the Styloid process through which the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves pass.
Jugular foramen
Opening medial to the Styloid process that allows the internal carotid artery to enter the cranial cavity.
Carotid canal
Opening on posterior aspect of temporal bone allowing cranial nerves to pass.
Internal acoustic meatus
Large opening in base of occipital that allows the spinal cord to join with the brain.
Foramen magnum
Rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertebra (atlas).
Occipital condyles
Portions of the sphenoid seen exteriorly on the lateral aspect of the skull, anterior to the temporal bones.
Greater wings
A saddle shaped region in the sphenoid midline which nearly encloses the pituitary gland in the living person.
Sella turcica
Bat shaped portions of the sphenoid anterior to the sella turcica.
Lesser wings
Opening posterior to the sella turcica that allows a branch of cranial never to pass.
Foramen ovale
Vertical projection to which the dura mater attaches.
Crista galli
Bony plates lateral to the crista galli through which olfactory fibers pass to the brain from the nasal mucosa.
Cribriform plates
Not considered a skull bone. Located in the throat.
Hyoid
