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Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

DSM-5

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders- Manual for assessment and diagnosis of mental disorder

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2
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Self-Actualization
Esteem Needs
Social Needs
Security Needs
Survival Needs

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3
Q

Psychological Health

A

The sum of our mental, emotion, social, and spiritual sleves; how we think, feel, relate, and exist in our day-to-day lives

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4
Q

Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM)

A

Manual providing information about what it means to be psychologically healthy, including good psychological functioning

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5
Q

What are some aspects of a psychologically healthy person?

A
  1. They feel good about themselves
  2. They make and maintain lasting, healthy relationships, feel comfortable with and respect others, and have compassion for others
  3. They have a strong sense of autonomy yet still need others.
  4. They are independent and self-reliant
  5. They have a sense of mastery over their macro environment
  6. They have a high sense of personal growth
  7. They have a sense of purpose
  8. They value diversity
  9. They appreciate and respect the world around them
  10. They maintain a positive outlook
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6
Q

Resiliency

A

The ability to adapt to change and stressful events in healthy and flexible ways

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7
Q

Mental Health

A

The thinking part of psychological health; includes how well we process information, our values, and how our mind processes and understands information and life experiences

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8
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium

A

Refers to the fact that we go through different stages of our lives. We are not the same person we were in elementary school, or high school, etc.

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9
Q

Emotional Health

A

The feeling or subjective side of psychological health. Involves our ability to manage and express emotions that come from past experiences

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10
Q

Emotions

A

Intensified feelings or complex patterns of feelings

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11
Q

Social Health

A

The aspect of psychological health that includes interactions with other people, ability to use social supports, and ability to adapt to various situations

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12
Q

Family

A

Either family of origin (biological) or a supportive network of people who share common bonds or beliefs who you can rely on in times of need (social)

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13
Q

Dysfunctional Families

A

Families in which there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; significant parental discord; or other negative family interactions

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14
Q

Social Support

A

A network of people and services with which we share ties and from which we get support

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15
Q

Loneliness

A

Feeling of being alone, regardless of the amount of social connection.

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16
Q

Social Isolation

A

Lacking in social connections

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17
Q

What are some factors of Social Isolation?

A

divorce
death
too many social media friends and not enough irl friends
drug and alcohol use
losing or changing jobs and locations frequently
homelessness

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18
Q

Spirituality

A

Individuals sense of purpose and meaning in life. Involves a sense of peace and connection to other people

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19
Q

Spiritual Health

A

The aspect of psychological health that relates to having a sense of meaning and purpose to one’s life as well as a feeling of connection with other people and with nature

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20
Q

Self-Efficacy

A

A person’s belief about whether they can successfully engage in and execute a specific behavior

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21
Q

Self-Esteem

A

One’s realistic sense of self-respect or self-worth

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22
Q

Learning Helplessness

A

A patter of responding to situations by giving up because of repeated failure in the past

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23
Q

Learned Optimism

A

Teaching oneself to think positively

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24
Q

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

A

A person’s ability to identify, understand, use, and manage emotional states in positive and constructive ways.

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25
Defense Mechanisms
Strategies we unconsciously use to distort our present reality to help avoid anxiety
26
Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ)
Indicator of social and interpersonal skills. Our ability to successfully maneuver in sometimes emotionally charged settings.
27
What are some aspects of EQ?
Self-awareness Self-regulation/self-management Internal motivation Empathy Social skills
28
Personality
Unique mix of characteristics that distinguishes us from other people
29
What are some aspects of personality? (The Big Five)
Agreeableness Openness Neuroticism Conscientiousness Extroversion
30
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
The study of the interactions of behavioral, neural, and endocrine functions and the functioning of the body's immune system
31
Positive Psychology
The scientific study of human strengths and virtues
32
What are the 5 elements of well-being?
Positive emotion Engagement Relationships Meaning Accomplishment PERMA
33
Happiness
A collective term for several positive states in which individuals actively embrace the world around them
34
Mental Illness
Disorder that disrupts thinking, feeling, moods, and behaviors and impair daily functioning
35
Chronic Mood Disorder
A disorder involving persistent emotional states, such as sadness, despair, hopelessness, or euphoria
36
Major Depression
A severe depressive disorder with physical effects such as sleep disturbance and exhaustion, and mental effects such as the inability to concentrate; also called clinical depression
37
Aspects of major depression
1. Loss of motivation or interest in pleasurable activities 2. Preoccupation with one's failures in inadequacies; concern over what other people are thinking 3. Difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness, memory lapses 4. Loss of sex drive or lack of interest in being close to other people 5. Fatigue, oversleeping, insomnia, and loss of energy 6. Feeling anxious, worthless, or hopeless 7. Recurring thoughts that life isn't worth living; thoughts of death or suicide
38
Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder (ADD/ADHD)
A learning disablity that is usually associated with school-aged children, often involving difficulty concentrating, organizing things, listening to instructions, and remembering details
39
Dyslexia
A language-based learning disorder that can post problems for reading, writing, and spelling
40
Dyscalculia
A learning disability involving math
41
Dysgraphia
A learning disability involving writing; individuals may have difficulty putting letters, numbers, and words on a page into order
42
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
A neurodevelopmental disorder (an impairment in brain development) in which individuals learn and grow intellectually throughout their lives, but struggle to master communication and social behavior skills, affecting school and work performance
43
Asperger Syndrome
A form of high-functioning autism
44
Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)
A type of depression that is milder and harder to recognize than major depression; chronic and often characterized by fatigue, pessimism, or a short temper; formerly known as dysthymic disorder
45
Bipolar Disorder
A form of mood disorder characterized by alternating mania and depression; also called manic-depressive illness
46
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
A type of depression that occurs in the winter months, when sunlight levels are low
47
Anxiety Disorders
A mental illness characterized by persistent feelings of threat and worry in coping with everyday problems
48
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
A constant sense of worry that may cause restlessness, difficulty in concentrating, tension, and other symptoms
49
Panic Attack
A sever anxiety reaction in which a particular situation, often for unknown reasons, causes terror
50
Phobia
Deep and persistent fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that results in a compelling desire to avoid the source of the fearS
51
Social Anxiety Disorder
A phobia characterized by fear and avoidance of social situations; also called social phobia
52
What are some causes of Anxiety Disorders?
Biology Environment Social and cultural roles
53
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
A form of anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors
54
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Collection of symptoms that may occur as a delayed response to a traumatic event or series of events
55
Personality Disorder
A mental disorder characterized by inflexible patterns of thought and beliefs that lead to socially distressing behavior
56
Schizophrenia
A mental illness with biological origins that is characterized by irrational behavior, sever alterations of the senses, and often an inability to function in society
57
Self-injury
Intentionally causing injury to one's own body in an attempt to cope with overwhelming negative emotions; also called self-mutilation, self-harm, or nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI)
58
What are some warning signs of Suicide?
1. Recent loss and seeming inability to let go of grief 2. History of depression 3. Change in persons personality, such as sadness, withdrawal, irritability, anxiety, tiredness, indecisiveness, apathy 4. change in behavior, such as inability to concentrate, loss of interest in classes or work, unexplained demonstration of happiness following a period of depression, or risk-taking behavior 5. Change in sexual interest 6. Change in sleep patterns and/or eating habits 7. An indirect statement about committing suicide, such as "I might as well end it all" 8. Final preparations such as writing a will, giving away prized possessions, or writing revealing letters or social media posts 9. Preoccupation with themes of death 10. Marked changes in personal appearance
59
What are some ways to prevent suicide?
1. Monitor the warning signs 2. Take threats seriously 3. Let the person know how much you care 4. Ask directly 5. Take action 6. Help the person think about alternatives to suicide 7. Tell the person's spouse, partner, parents, siblings, or counselor
60
Stigma
Negative perception about a group of people or a certain situation or condition
61
Psychodynamic Therapy
Talk therapy and focuses on the psychological roots of emotional suffering
62
Interpersonal Therapy
Focuses on social roles and relationships
63
Cognitive Therapy
Focuses on the impact of thoughts and ideas on feelings and behavior
64
Behavioral Therapy
Focuses on what we do
65
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
Uses meditation and yoga to reduce stress and anxiety
66
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)
A form of psychotherapy that uses traditional talk therapy combined with meditation and other mindfulness techniques to reduce stress and improve well-being

Healthful Living (9 decks)

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