Chapter 15B

Question 1

Aging

Answer 1

The patterns of life changes that occur in members of all species as they grow older

Question 2

Gerontology

Answer 2

The study of individual and collective aging processes

Question 3

Osteoporosis

Answer 3

A degenerative bone disorder characterized by increasingly porous bones

Question 4

Urinary Incontinence

Answer 4

The inability to control urination

Question 5

Cataracts

Answer 5

Clouding of the lens that interrupts the focusing of light on the retina, resulting in blurred vision and possibly eventual blindness

Question 6

Glaucoma

Answer 6

Elevation of pressure within the eyeball, leading to hardening of the eyeball, impaired vision, and possible blindness

Question 7

Macular Degeneration

Answer 7

Breakdown of the macula, the light-sensitive part of the retina that is responsible for sharp, direct vision

Question 8

Dementias

Answer 8

Progressive brain impairments that interfere with memory and normal intellectual functioning

Question 9

Alzheimer Disease (AD)

Answer 9

A chronic condition involving changes in nerve fibers of the brain that results in mental deterioration

Question 10

Death

Answer 10

The permanent ending of all vital functions

Question 11

Brain Death

Answer 11

The irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain stem

Question 12

Dying

Answer 12

The process of decline in body functions that results in the death of an organism

Question 13

Thanatology

Answer 13

The study of death and dying

Question 14

Social Death

Answer 14

A seemingly irreversible situation in which a person is not treated like an active member of society

Question 15

Bereavement

Answer 15

The loss of deprivation experienced by a survivor when a loved one dies

Question 16

Grief

Answer 16

An individual’s reaction to significant loss, including one’s own impending death, the death of a loved one, or a quasi-death experience; can involve mental, physical, social, or emotional responses

Question 17

Mourning

Answer 17

The culturally prescribed behavior patterns for the expression of grief

Question 18

Grief Work

Answer 18

The process of accepting the reality of a person’s death, coping with memories of the deceased, and eventually moving forward without him or her

Question 19

Living Will

Answer 19

A type of advance directive

Question 20

Advance Directive

Answer 20

A document that stipulates an individual’s wishes about medical care; used to make treatment decisions when and if the individual becomes physically unable to voice his or her preferences

Question 21

Rational Suicide

Answer 21

The decision to kill oneself rather than enduring constant pain, heavy sedation, and waiting for death

Question 22

Active Euthanasia

Answer 22

“Mercy killing” in which a person or organization knowingly acts to end the life of a terminally ill person

Question 23

Passive Euthanasia

Answer 23

The intentional withholding of treatment that would prolong life

Question 24

Hospice

Answer 24

A concept of end-of-life care designed to maximize quality of life and help the dying person have peace, comfort, and dignity

Question 25

Palliative Care

Answer 25

Any form of medical care that is focused on relieving the pain, symptoms, and stress of serious illness to improve the quality of life for patients and their families

Question 26

Intestate

Answer 26

Dying without a will