Chapter 2

Question 1

Common elements in the CJS

Answer 1

Discretion
Filtering
Sequencing

Question 2

Discretion

Answer 2

Discretion in the criminal justice system is the power given to officials like police, prosecutors, and judges to make decisions within legal boundaries.

Question 3

Filtering

Answer 3

Filtering in the criminal justice system means many crimes reported to the police don’t go all the way to court and punishment. Some cases get dropped at different steps like investigation, arrest, and charging. Only a few cases make it all the way to a conviction and sentencing.

Question 4

Sequencing

Answer 4

Sequencing in the criminal justice system refers to the order of steps a case goes through from the moment a crime is reported to the final outcome. The sequence typically includes reporting the crime, investigating, making arrests, filing charges, going to trial, and then sentencing if the person is found guilty. Each step follows the previous one in a specific order to ensure due process is followed

Question 5

Five main goals of the CJS:

Answer 5

1. Preventing crime
2. Protecting the public
3. Supporting victims of crime, their families, and witnesses
4. Holding people responsible for crimes they have committed
5. Helping offenders return to the community and become law abiding members of the community

Question 6

Crime Control Model

Answer 6

The crime control model is a way of thinking about the criminal justice system that focuses on catching and punishing criminals quickly and effectively. It prioritizes public safety and supports giving more power to the police to reduce crime. The goal is to process cases fast to keep society safe.

Question 7

Due Process Model

Answer 7

The due process model is a way of thinking about the criminal justice system that focuses on protecting people’s rights and ensuring fair treatment. I

Question 8

5 Types of Crimes in Canada

Answer 8

Crimes Against the Person
Property Crimes
Crimes of the Powerful
Organized Crime and Gangs
Antisocial Behaviour

Question 9

Crimes Against the Person

Answer 9

Violent Crimes
Four main types:
Homicide
Sexual assault
Robbery
Assault

Question 10

Property Crimes

Answer 10

Property crimes in Canada encompass a range of offences that involve the unlawful interference with or destruction of someone else’s property

Question 11

Crimes of the Powerful

Answer 11

refers to illegal activities committed by individuals or groups in positions of authority, influence, or wealth. These crimes often include corruption, fraud, embezzlement, environmental violations, and other white-collar offences.

Question 12

The Three Different Measures to Understand Crime

Answer 12

Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey
Crime Severity Index
Victimization Surveys

Question 13

UCR Survey

Answer 13

The UCR Survey is the primary national data collection system in Canada for measuring crime. It collects information from police agencies across the country

Question 14

Crime Severity Index

Answer 14

The Crime Severity Index (CSI) is a statistical measure used in Canada to assess the overall severity of crime