Chapter 2 Flashcards
can be defined as the individual as a whole, including all characteristics, attributes, mentality, and consciousness.
Self
seeing ourself at the center stage, thus intuitively overestimating the extent to which other’s attention is aimed at us
Spotlight
how we perceive ourselves as athletic/overweight/smart; it affect the way we perceive,
remember and evaluate other people and ourselves; we welcome information that is consistent with our “self- schemas”
Self-schemas
we dream of or dread; Both hoped-for and feared selves have been shown to motivate
individual to act; we develop strategies to achieve our hoped-for selves and avoid feared selves
Possible selves
mental templates by which we organize our worlds.
Schemas
Evaluating one’s opinions and abilities by comparing oneself with others
Social Comparison
privately take some pleasure in a peer failure
Schadenfreude
our use of how we think others perceive us as a mirror for
perceiving ourselves
looking-glass self
identity is self-contained; becoming self-reliant and defining one’s personal, independent self. The power of personal control
Individualism
construing one’s identity as an autonomous self.
Independent self
respecting and identifying with the group; with these culture people are more
self-critical and focus less on positive self-views
Collectivism
errors in predicting behavior is underestimating how long it will take to complete a task
Planning fallacy
Our — is curiously flawed. We often do not know why we behave the way we do. When influences upon our behavior are not conspicuous enough for any observer to see, we too can miss them. The UNCONSCIOUS, implicit processes that control our behavior may differ from our conscious, explicit explanations of it.
Self Knowledge
A persons overall self-evaluation or sense of worth.
Self Esteem
An inflated sense of self
Narcissism
-are especially lash out when the insult is delivered publicly and punctures their carefully constructed bubble of superiority
-are with high self esteem but they are missing the piece about caring for others
Narcissists
-How competent we feel on tasks
-Believing in our own competence and effectiveness
Self - efficacy
The tendency to perceive oneself favorably
Self-Serving Bias
A form of self – serving bias; the tendency to attribute positive outcomes
to oneself and negative outcomes to other factors
Self Serving Attribution
people claimed that they avoid self-serving bias themselves but readily
acknowledge that others commit this bias. As such as, we see ourselves as objective and everyone else as biased.
Bias Blind Spot
believing ourselves immune to misfortune, we do not take sensible precautio
Illusory Optimism
anticipates problems and motivates effective coping
Defensive pessimism
tendency to enhance our self – image by overestimating or underestimating how much others think and act as we do; tendency to overestimate the commonality of one’s opinion and one’s undesirable or unsuccessful behavior
False consensus
when we behave well or successfully (ability); we serve our self image by seeing our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual
False uniqueness
Appears as self-serving attribution; self congratulatory comparison, illusory optimism and false consensus for ones failing.
Self-serving bias
✓ Protecting one’s self-image with behaviors that create a handy excuse
Self- Handicapping
Refers to our wanting to present a desired image both to an external audience(other people) and to an internal audience (ourselves)
Self-presentation
Being attuned to the way one presents oneself in social situations and adjusting one’s performance to create the desired impression.
Self- Monitoring
we often display lower self esteem than we privately feel. To make good impressions-to appear modest yet competent requires social skill.
False modesty phenomenon
