Chapter 2 Flashcards
is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as norms, religion, values, customs, or identity.
Community
may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighborhood) or in virtual space through communication platforms.
Community
It is a group of living things sharing the same environment. They usually have shared interests. In human communities, people have some of the same beliefs and needs, and this affects the identity of the group and the people in it.
Community
Community is a collection of people who interact with one another and whose common interests or characteristics form the basis for a sense of unity or belonging.
Allender et al, 2009
A group of people who share something in common and interact with one another, who may exhibit a commitment with one another and may share a geographic boundary.
Lundy and Janes, 2009
A group of people who share common interests, who interact with each other, and who function collectively within a defined social structure to address common concerns
Clark, 2008
Locality-based entity, composed of systems of formal organizations reflecting society’s institutions, informal groups aggregates
Shuster and Goeppinger, 2008
are subgroups or subpopulations that have some common characteristics or concerns.
Aggregates
Four defining attributes of a community (Maurer and Smith)
People
Place
Interaction
Common characteristics, interests, or goals
Two main types of communities (Maurer and Smith)
Geopolotical Communities
Phenomenological Communities
the most traditionally recognized or imagined when considering the term community
Geopolitical
Are defined or formed by both natural and man-made boundaries and include barangays, municipalities, cities, provinces, regions and nations
Geopolitical
Geopolotical communities are also called
Territorial communities
Are defined or formed by both natural and man-made boundaries and include barangays, municipalities, cities, provinces, regions and nations
Phenomenological communities
Examples schools, colleges, universities, churches, mosques and various groups or organizations
Phenomenological communities
Phenomenological communities can be described as
Functional communities
Types of communities
Rural
Urban
Suburban
is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. They have a low population density and small settlements.
Rural Area or Countryside
The areas located outside of cities and towns are termed (blank). Often have a lot of undeveloped land, farmland or forest.
Rural Community
Often have a lot of undeveloped land, farmland or forest. Fewer service providers and resources for jobs, health care and community services.
Rural Community
Often have fewer job opportunities and lower wages.
Rural Communities
Are at greater risk for poor health outcomes, with higher rates of preventable conditions such as obesity, diabetes and injury and higher rates of unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, physical inactivity and poor nutrition.
Rural residents
built-up area, is a human settlement with a high population density and infrastructure of built environment.
Urban
are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs.
Urban
High population density, are in cities and towns. Main area of employment
Urban area
creates challenges to health such as sedentary commuting and air quality. are socio-economically connected are grouped together into metropolitan areas.
Urban Area
area is a mixed-use or residential area, existing either as part of a city or urban area or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city.
Suburban
are lower density areas that separate residential and commercial areas from one another.
Suburban
are lower density areas that separate residential and commercial areas from one another.
Suburban
tend to be the most affluent, enjoying the highest socioeconomic status when ranked with rural and urban populations. have more job opportunities than rural areas though maybe not as many as urban areas.
Suburban
suburban residents seem to have better health than rural or inner city residents. most likely to have adequate health insurance and benefit from longer life expectancy, more access to health care and higher quality of care. tend to be more educated
Suburban
higher income and social status are linked to better health. The greater the gap between the richest and poorest people, the greater the differences in health.
Income and Social Status
low education levels are linked with poor health, more stress and lower self-confidence.
Education
people in employment are healthier, particularly those who have control over their working conditions
Employment and working conditions
greater support from families, friends and communities is linked to a better health.
Social Support Networks
customs and traditions, and the beliefs of the family and community all affect health.
Culture
inheritance plays a part in determining lifespan, healthiness, and the likelihood of developing illnesses
Genetics
balanced eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking, and how we deal with life’s stresses and challenges all affect health.
Personal Behavior and coping skills
access and use of services that prevent and treat disease influences health.
Health services
men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages.
Gender
