Chapter 2 Flashcards
Identify the question of interest
Literature search, look at primary sources, science articles
Gather info and form hypothesis, specific prediction
Usually a yes or no question, inferential research, applying what you learn to the population, a priori
Initial and alternative hypothesis
Does yoga decrease depression?
Ha->decreases depression
Ho-> no change in depression
Design experiment to answer the question
Operationalize variables/design
Between and within group designs
example of how to operationalize independent variable: yoga
Group 1- 1 hour of yoga a day
Group 2- no yoga
what do you need to do with the dependent variable of depression
(quantify(+) depression
Beck depression inventory (12-63) BDI score
extraneous / confounding variables
things that can affect the result but cannot be controlled
If someone’s friend dies then that would make them very depressed
participant/organismic variables
specific to a certain participant, can be things like age, socioeconomic status, years of education, etc
Test hypothesis
conduct research
analyze data
draw tentative conclusions, descriptive/inferential stats
Build a theory of knowledge
Generate conclusions and publish
Can be even a poster, article, etc
Adds to the base knowledge of the subject, repeat cycle
Inferential stats
inferring from sample to population
Descriptive stats
describing a sample or population
Operationalization via categorization
in the form of a bill board experiment, words were categorized as taboo, positive, negative, neutral, target words( in this case animals)
Conformation bias
The goal of scientific designs is to reject the null hypothesis
Based on illusory correlation
Instead of trying to confirm a hypothesis, you should instead try to see what rejects it
playoff beard analogy
Correlational studies
Bidirectionality
2 way causality
X causes y
Y causes x
Spurious association
Not genuine
Third variable…something wjefusgfyei
