Chapter 2 Flashcards
________ are things that are not the same each time.
Variables
When a functional variable is changed, it systematically influences _________.
Behavior
_______ does not imply causation.
Correlation
A publicly observable change, controlled by the experimenter, which is anticipated to influence behavior in a specific way is the definition of an ________ _________.
Independent variable
The three components of a behavioral experiment are the _________ variable is behavior. The experiment is designed to evaluate a _________ hypothesis, and this hypothesis is evaluated by manipulating the _________ variable.
dependent, falsifiable, independent
In behavioral analysis, the dependent variable is always __________.
Behavior
In behavior analysis, what is the objectively measured target behavior?
Dependent variable
What is a self-report?
When an individual is asked to recall if they engaged in a behavior.
Alternate to self reports is this style of observation.
Direct observation
IOA
Interobserver Agreement
The extent to which two observers data are the same after having directly observed the same behavior at the same time is called what?
IOA, interobserver agreement
If an experiment has good IOA, that lends ________ to the experiment.
Believability
Behavior analysts approach the use of ________-_________ measures with caution.
Self-report
Two potential problems with self-reports are that i. People do not always tell the ________, particularly when doing so would make them look bad, and ii. People often cannot _________ their own behavior very well.
Truth, recall
A behavioral ___________ provides a very specific description of the target behavior.
Definition
A behavioral definition has ______ _________ when the consumer of the intervention or an expert in the field indicates that the behavioral definition accurately reflects the behavior of interest.
Social validity
IOA = ___________/(_______+________)*100
Agreement, agreement, disagreement
IOA is defined as the extent to which two _______ observers data are the same after having directly observed the same behavior at the same time.
Independent
If IOA is less than _______ then the observers will need further training, or the behavioral definition will need to be refined (or the task is too hard for the observers).
90%
IOA does not assess the __________ of the data collected; nor does it assess its reliability. Instead, high IOA enhances the _________ of the data.
Accuracy, believability
When interested in how often the target behavior occurs, the dimension of behavior is _________.
Frequency
When interested in how long it takes a behavior to begin, we are interested in the dimension of ________.
Latency
When we are interested in how long a behavior lasts, we are interested in _________.
Duration
When we are interested in the force or intensity of the behavior, we are interested in the dimension of _________.
Magnitude
