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EMT > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation.

A

acute stress reactions

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2
Q

The spread of an organism via droplets or dust.

A

airborne transmission

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3
Q

Pathogenic microoganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. these pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus. (HIV)

A

bloodborne pathogens

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4
Q

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services.

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

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5
Q

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

A

communicable disease

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6
Q

The use of objects to limit a person’s visibility of you.

A

concealment

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7
Q

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body.

A

contamination

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8
Q

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection.

A

cover

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9
Q

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, direction the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.

A

critical incident stress management (CISM)

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10
Q

Prolonged or excessive stress.

A

cumulative stress reactions

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11
Q

Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation.

A

delayed stress reactions

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12
Q

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.

A

designated officer

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13
Q

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact.

A

direct contact

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14
Q

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur.

A

exposure

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15
Q

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease.

A

foodborne transmission

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16
Q

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response. followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.

A

general adaptation syndrome

17
Q

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered live function.

A

hepatitis

18
Q

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.

A

host

19
Q

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.

A

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

20
Q

The body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.

A

immune

21
Q

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object.

A

indirect contact

22
Q

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.

A

infection

23
Q

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel.

A

infection control

24
Q

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.

A

infectious disease

25
Q

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace.

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

26
Q

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host.

A

pathogen

27
Q

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material.

A

personal protective equipment (PPE)

28
Q

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm.

A

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

29
Q

The way in which an infectious disease is spread contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors.

A

transmission

30
Q

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease.

A

standard precautions

31
Q

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another.

A

vector-borne transmission

EMT (8 decks)

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