Chapter 12 Shock Flashcards

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1
Q

The force or resistance against which the heart pumps

A

afterload

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2
Q

Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction

A

anaphylactic shock

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3
Q

an extreme, life-threatening, systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure

A

anaphylaxis

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4
Q

a swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall.

A

aneurysm

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5
Q

the part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food.

A

autonomic nervous system

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6
Q

compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output

A

cardiac tamponade

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7
Q

a state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions.

A

cardiogenic shock

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8
Q

the early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss

A

compensated shock

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9
Q

a blue skin discoloration that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood.

A

cyanosis

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10
Q

The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling

A

decompensated shock

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11
Q

loss of water from the tissues of the body

A

dehydration

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12
Q

a condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both

A

distributive shock

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13
Q

the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area

A

edema

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14
Q

a balance of all systems of the body

A

homeostasis

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15
Q

a condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 degree F or 35 C

A

hypothermia

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16
Q

shock caused by fluid or blood loss

A

hypovolemic shock

17
Q

the ability of the heart muscle to contract

A

myocardial contractility

18
Q

circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries

A

neurogenic shock

19
Q

Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the hear or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body’s tissues.

A

obstructive shock

20
Q

the flow of blood through body tissues and vessels

A

perfusion

21
Q

a collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium

A

pericardial effusion

22
Q

the precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up

A

preload

23
Q

shock caused by a sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope)

A

psychogenic shock

24
Q

a blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow.

A

pulmonary embolism

25
Q

the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure

A

pulse pressure

26
Q

developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction.

A

sensitization

27
Q

shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection

A

septic shock

28
Q

a condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion

A

shock

29
Q

circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tube, or opening

A

sphincters

30
Q

a fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness

A

syncope