Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P Test 2 > Chapter 19 - The Heart1 > Flashcards

Chapter 19 - The Heart1 Flashcards

0
Q

The cardiac cycle

A

Changes with in the heart from one heartbeat to the next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Contractor cardiac muscles

A
  1. Sarcolemma of a contract out cardiac muscle cell possess
    RMP: -90mV
  2. Action potential (initiated in the conduction system) will sweep through the cells causing depolarization
    -90-> +30mV
  3. Ca2+ Will enter sarcoplasm > find to troponin> shift tropmyosin> opening myosin binding sites> cross Bridge formation> Power stroke
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Systole

A

Contraction of a heart chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation of the heart chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pressure changes in

contraction and
relaxation

A

Increase

Decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pressure changes in the heart chambers are responsible for

A

1 movement of blood through chambers (from high to low blood will go) MAKES THINGS MOVE

2 opening of heart valves (ensures blood movement in forward direction)
PREVENT BACKFLOW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The exact order of events in the cardiac flow insures

A

Unidirectional flow of blood through the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Atrial systole

A

Atrial contraction forces additional blood to relaxed ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ventricular systole

A

(Contracting)
Ventricular contraction create P that:
a. shuts down the AV valves
B. opens SL valves and blood is ejected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ventricular diastole

A

A. SL valves close

B. AV valves open and blood fills ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

End diastolic volume (EDV)

A

Volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of the filling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

End systolic volume (ESV)

A

Volume of blood remaining in the ventricles after contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stroke volume (SV)

A

Volume of blood ejected it with each heartbeat (SV=EDV-ESV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cardiac output (CO)

A

The amount of blood pumped by a single ventricle in one minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Output is determined by:

A

Heart rate

Stroke volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Heart rate (HR)

A

Number of beats per minute

16
Q

Stroke volume (SV)

A

Volume of blood ejected during one beat

17
Q

Cardiac output equation

A

HR x SV = CO

18
Q

Total blood volume is about

A

5 Liters

-pumped the circulation every minute

19
Q

Cardiac reserve

A

Increase in cardiac output above wrist level

Heart rate can> 170 beats per minute, while stroke volume> 100mL)

20
Q

Cardiac reserve equals

A

Cardiac output with exercise - cardiac output at rest

21
Q

Cardiac reserve is a measure of

A

Health and exercise

  • Increase fourfold in healthy non-athlete
  • Increased to seven fold in athlete
  • With wakened heart may have a little reserve an exercise limitation
22
Q

Cardiac output (CO)

A

Blood pumped per minute

23
Q

Heart rate (HR)

A

Beats per minute

24
Q

Chronotropic agents

A

Factors that change heart rate by altering activity of SA nodal cells

25
Q

Positive chronotropic agents

A

Increased heart rate

  1. Sympathetic stimulation release of (norepinephrine)
  2. Release of epinephrine & norepinephrine by adrenal medulla
  3. Thyroid hormone
  4. Caffeine
  5. Nicotine
  6. Cocaine
26
Q

Negative chronotropic Agents

A

Decreased heart rate

  • parasympathetic stimulation (release of acetylocholine)
  • beta-blocker drugs (used to treat high blood pressure)
27
Q

Stroke volume (SV)

A

Blood volume ejected with each beat

28
Q

Venous return

A

(Preload)

Volume of blood return to the heart

29
Q

Inotropic agents

A

Substances that change stroke volume by altering contractibility )force of contraction)

30
Q

Positive inotropic agents

A

Increases force of contraction by increasing calcium levels

  • sympathetic stimulation release of norepinephrine)
  • release of norepinephrine by adrenal medulla
  • thyroid hormone
  • certain drugs (example: digitalis)
31
Q

Negative inotropic agents

A

Decrease contractility by increasing calcium levels
Ex: increased K+ or H+ levels
Certain drugs

32
Q

Afterload

A

Resistance in arteries to ejection of blood by ventricles the pressure that must be overcome before blood is a ejected

A factor in the older people due to the Plaques in vessel lining

The increased afterload-the decreased SV

A&P Test 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions