Chapter 19 Terms

Question 1

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Answer 1

A lung condition in which trauma to the lungs leads to inflammation, accumulation of fluid in the alveolar air sacs, low blood oxygen and respiratory distress.

Question 2

Arteries

Answer 2

Large blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to all parts of the body, except for the pulmonary arteries, which carry oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs.

Question 3

Bandage

Answer 3

Material used to wrap or cover a part of the body.

Commonly used to hold a dressing or splint in place.

Question 4

Bandage compress

Answer 4

A thick gauze dressing attached to a gauze bandage.

Question 5

Bleeding

Answer 5

The loss of blood from arteries, veins or capillaries.

Question 6

Blood volume

Answer 6

The total amount of blood circulating within the body.

Question 7

Capillaries

Answer 7

Tiny blood vessels linking arteries and veins that transfer oxygen and other nutrients from the blood to all body cells and remove waste products.

Question 8

CLotting

Answer 8

The process by which blood thickens at a wound site to seal an opening in a blood vessel and stop bleeding.

Question 9

Contusion

Answer 9

An injury to the soft tissues that results in blood vessel damage - usually to capillaries - and leakage of blood into the surrounding tissues.
Caused when blood vessels are damaged or broken as a result of a blow to the skin, resulting in swelling and a reddish-purple discoloration on the skin.
Commonly referred to as a bruise.

Question 10

Direct pressure

Answer 10

Pressure applied to a wound to control bleeding.

Question 11

Dressing

Answer 11

A pad placed directly over a wound to absorb blood and other bodily fluids and to prevent infection.

Question 12

Elastic bandage

Answer 12

A bandage designed to keep continuous pressure on a body part.
Also called an elastic wrap.

Question 13

External bleeding

Answer 13

Bleeding on the outside of the body, often visible bleeding.

Question 14

Golden hour

Answer 14

A term sometimes used to describe the first hour after a life-threatening traumatic injury.
Providing early interventions and advanced medical care during this time frame can result in the best chance of survival.

Question 15

Head-on collision

Answer 15

A collision in which a vehicle hits an object, such as a tree or other vehicle, straight on.

Question 16

Hemorrhage

Answer 16

The loss of large amount of blood in a short time or when there is continuous bleeding.

Question 17

Hemostatic agent

Answer 17

A method of external hemorrhage control that used a substance that absorbs or absorbs the moisture from blood and speeds the process of coagulation and clot formation to achieve homeostasis.
Control of bleeding.

Question 18

Internal bleeding

Answer 18

Bleeding inside the body.

Question 19

Occlusive dressing

Answer 19

A special type of dressing that does not allow air or fluid to pass through.

Question 20

Perfusion

Answer 20

The circulation of blood through the body or through a particular body part for the purpose of exchanging oxygen and nutrients with carbon dioxide and other wastes.

Question 21

Pressure bandage

Answer 21

A bandage applied snugly to create pressure on a wound, to aid in controlling of bleeding.

Question 22

Pressure points

Answer 22

Sites on the body where pressure can be applied to major arteries to slow the flow of blood to a body part.

Question 23

Roller bandage

Answer 23

A bandage made of gauze or gauze-like material that is wrapped around a body part, over a dressing, using overlapping turns until the dressing is covered.

Question 24

Rollover

Answer 24

A collision in which the vehicle rolls over.

Question 25

Rotational impact

Answer 25

A collision in which the impact occurs off center and causes the vehicle to rotate until it either loses speed or strikes another object.

Question 26

Side-impact collision

Answer 26

A collision in which the impact is at the side of the vehicle.
Also known as broadside or t-bone collision.

Question 27

Tounriquet

Answer 27

A tight, wide band placed around an arm or leg to constrict blood vessels in order to stop blood flow around the wound.

Question 28

Trauma dressing

Answer 28

A dressing used to cover very large area wounds and multiple wounds in one body area.
Also known as a universal dressing.

Question 29

Trauma system

Answer 29

A system of definitive care facilities offering services within a region or community in various areas of medical expertise in order to care for injured individuals.

Question 30

Triangular bandage

Answer 30

A triangle-shaped bandage that can be rolled or folded to hold a dressing or splint in place.
Can also be used as a sling to support an injured shoulder, arm or hand.

Question 31

Veins

Answer 31

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood from all parts o the body to the heart, except for the pulmonary beings, which carry oxygen rich blood to the heart from the lungs.