Chapter 19 pharmacology

Question 1

an agent used to prevent disease

Answer 1

prophylactic

Question 2

what are the 4 stages of the drug process?

Answer 2

1. absorption
2. distribution - transported to affected area
3. metabolism
4. excretion

Question 3

the way a drug produces its effects

Answer 3

mechanism of action

Question 4

how are drugs classified?

Answer 4

according to their effect on the body

Question 5

the combined effect of 2 drugs is more intense than their individual effects

Answer 5

synergism

Question 6

the combined effect of 2 drugs is less than the effect of the drugs taken alone

Answer 6

antagonism

Question 7

intended uses of any drug/circumstances when it should not be administered

Answer 7

indications/contraindications

Question 8

a procedure or medication used to prevent disease

Answer 8

prophylaxis

Question 9

a drug that causes birth defects

Answer 9

teratogen

Question 10

a drugs therapeutic value

Answer 10

efficacy

Question 11

the study of the amount of drug required to produce therapeutic effects

Answer 11

posology

Question 12

what are the 4 parts of a prescription?

Answer 12

1. superscription - pt info
2. inscription - names and quantities
3. subscription - directions on how to prepare the drug
4. signature

Question 13

what are the 4 drug forms?

Answer 13

• water based
• alcoholic solutions
• injectable forms
• solids and semisolids

Question 14

what are the 4 types of poison antidotes and how do they work?

Answer 14

1. chemical - neutralize by changing its nature
2. mechanical - prevent absorption of poison
3. physiological - counteract the effects by releasing opposite effects
4. universal - do not exist

Question 15

a chemical substance that interferes with the development of bacterial microorganisms

Answer 15

antibiotic

Question 16

kills bacteria

Answer 16

bactericidal

Question 17

inhibits the growth of bacteria

Answer 17

bacteriostatic

Question 18

kills/inhibits the growth of micororganisms

Answer 18

antimicrobial

Question 19

what antibiotic is derived from fungi?

Answer 19

penicillin

Question 20

what type of drugs relieve itching?

Answer 20

antipruritics

Question 21

what type of drugs reduce swelling and edema?

Answer 21

vasoconstrictors

Question 22

a drug that causes insensitivity to pain by inhibiting the reception of sensory impressions in the brain

Answer 22

hypnotic

Question 23

a hypnotic drug that exerts a tranquilizing effect

Answer 23

sedative

Question 24

a substance that creates a pharmacological reaction when released from an injured cell

Answer 24

histamine

Question 25

the study of natural drugs

Answer 25

pharmacognosy