Chapter 19 Patters of Chromosome Inheritance Flashcards
Chromosomes?
Organized genetic material of the cell.
Karyotype?
A display that shows all 46 chromosomes of an individual.
What are the two parts of a cell cycle?
Interphase and Cell Division.
What are the three stages in interface?
G1, S, and G2.
What is Mitosis?
The duplication that causes diploid daughter cells and have the same types of chromosomes as the parent cell.
What is apoptotis?
Balances mitosis with cell death.
What stimulates a cell to go through the cell cycle?
Hormones and growth factors.
What are the 5 stages of Mitosis?
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
What is Meiosis?
The reduction in division that reduces the diploid chromosomes number to a haploid number.
What are the cell divisions of Meiosis?
Meiosis l
Meiosis ll
What is spermatogenesis?
Produces 4 viable sperm (spermatids become sperm).
What is gametogenesis?
Production of sperm and eggs.
What is oogenesis?
Produces one egg and several polar bodies.
Why is Meiosis important?
Because it creates gametes, occurs for limited time and keeps chromosome number constant from generation to generation.
What is the different between mitosis and meiosis?
Prophase l
Metaphase l
Anaphase l
What are the mutations in chromosome number?
Nondisjunction
Trisomy
Monosomy
What is the most common trisomy?
Down syndrome
What are the mutations in sex chromosomes?
Nondisjunction Turner syndrome Klinefelter syndrome Poly-X females Jacobs syndrome
What are the mutations of chromosome structure?
Deletion
Duplication
Inversion
Translocation
