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Biology 2 > Chapter 19 Patters of Chromosome Inheritance > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Patters of Chromosome Inheritance Flashcards

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1
Q

Chromosomes?

A

Organized genetic material of the cell.

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2
Q

Karyotype?

A

A display that shows all 46 chromosomes of an individual.

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3
Q

What are the two parts of a cell cycle?

A

Interphase and Cell Division.

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4
Q

What are the three stages in interface?

A

G1, S, and G2.

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5
Q

What is Mitosis?

A

The duplication that causes diploid daughter cells and have the same types of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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6
Q

What is apoptotis?

A

Balances mitosis with cell death.

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7
Q

What stimulates a cell to go through the cell cycle?

A

Hormones and growth factors.

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8
Q

What are the 5 stages of Mitosis?

A 
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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9
Q

What is Meiosis?

A

The reduction in division that reduces the diploid chromosomes number to a haploid number.

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10
Q

What are the cell divisions of Meiosis?

A

Meiosis l

Meiosis ll

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11
Q

What is spermatogenesis?

A

Produces 4 viable sperm (spermatids become sperm).

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12
Q

What is gametogenesis?

A

Production of sperm and eggs.

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13
Q

What is oogenesis?

A

Produces one egg and several polar bodies.

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14
Q

Why is Meiosis important?

A

Because it creates gametes, occurs for limited time and keeps chromosome number constant from generation to generation.

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15
Q

What is the different between mitosis and meiosis?

A

Prophase l
Metaphase l
Anaphase l

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16
Q

What are the mutations in chromosome number?

A

Nondisjunction
Trisomy
Monosomy

17
Q

What is the most common trisomy?

A

Down syndrome

18
Q

What are the mutations in sex chromosomes?

A 
Nondisjunction
Turner syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Poly-X females
Jacobs syndrome
19
Q

What are the mutations of chromosome structure?

A

Deletion
Duplication
Inversion
Translocation

Biology 2 (10 decks)

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