Chapter 19 - Key Vocab Part 2 Flashcards
Infiltrative
Extending beyond the normal tissue boundaries into adjacent tissues
Invasive
Having the ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissue
Irradiation
Exposure to any form of radiant energy such as light, heat, or x-rays
Linear accelerator
Large electronic device that produces high-energy x-ray beams for treatment of deep-seated tumors
Malignant tumor
Tumor having the characteristics of continuous growth, invasiveness, and metastasis
Mesenchymal
Embryonic connective tissue
Metastasis
Spread of a malignant tumor to a secondary site
Microscopic description of tumors
Appearance of tumors when viewed under a microscope
Mitosis
- Replication of cells
- A stage in a cell’s life cycle that involves the production of two identical cells (daughter cells) from the parent cell
Mixed-tissue tumors
Tumors composed of different types of tissue
Modality
Method of treatment, such as surgery, chemotherapy, or irradiation
Molecularly targeted drugs
Anti cancer drugs designed to block the function of growth factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in specific tumor cells
Morbidity
Condition of being unwell; deficient in normal function
Mucinous
Containing mucus
Mutation
- Change in DNA
2. May be spontaneous or caused by chemicals, radiation, or viruses
Neoplasm
- New growth
2. Benign or malignant tumors
Nucleotide
Unit of DNA composed of sugar, phosphate, and a base
Oncogene
Region of DNA in tumor cells or in viruses that causes cancer
Palliative
Relieving, but not curing symptoms
Pedunculated
Possessing a stem or stalk
Photon therapy
Radiation therapy using energy in the form of x-rays or gamma rays
Protocol
Detailed plan for treatment of an illness
Proton therapy
Use of protons produced by a cyclotron to deposit a dose of radiation at a tightly focused point in the body
Radiation
Energy carried by a stream of particles
Radiocurable tumor
Tumor that is destroyed by radiation therapy
Radioresistant tumor
Tumor that requires large doses of radiation to be destroyed
Radiosensitive tumor
Tumor in which radiation can cause the death of cells without serious damage to surrounding tissue
Radiosensitizers
Drugs that increase the sensitivity of tumors to x-rays
Radiotherapy
Treatment of tumors using doses or radiation
Relapse
Recurrence of tumor after treatment
Remission
Partial or complete disappearances of symptoms of disease
Ribonucleis acid (RNA)
- Cellular substance that represents a copy of DNA
2. Directs formation of a new protein inside cells
Sarcoma
Cancerous tumor derived from connective or flesh tissue
Serous
Having the appearance of a thin, watery fluid
Sessile
Having no stem
Simulation
Study using CT scan or MRI to map treatment before RT is given
Solid tumor
Tumor composed of a mass of cells
Staging of tumors
System of evaluating the extent of spread of tumors
Stereotactic radiosurgery
Delivery of dose of radiation under stereotactic guidance
Steroids
Complex, naturally occurring chemicals derived from cholesterol
Surgical procedures to treat cancer
Methods of removing cancerous tissue
Viral oncogenes
Pieces of DNA from viruses that infect a normal cell and cause it to become malignant
Virus
Infectious agent that reproduces by entering a host cell and using the host’s genetic material to copy itself
