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Anatomy & Physiology II - Lab > Chapter 19 - Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Chapter 19 - Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What is the intrinsic conduction system?

A

The hearts ability to beat, ensures heart muscle depolarizes in an orderly and sequential fashion, from atria to ventricles, and the heart beats as one unit

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2
Q

Intrinsic Conduction System Path

A

SA Node, AV Node, AV Bundle, R + L Bundle Branches, Perkinje Fibers

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3
Q

Role of SA Node + Depolarization rate

A

Pacemaker of the heart, depolarizes 75/minute

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4
Q

Role of Purkinje Fibers

A

Ensure heart is completely depolarized

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5
Q

What is the length of a cardiac cycle?

A

Start of P wave to next P wave

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6
Q

What is the P Wave?

A

Atrial depolarization

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7
Q

What is the QRS Complex?

A

Ventrical depolarization

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8
Q

What is the T wave?

A

Ventrical repolarization

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9
Q

What does an elevated ST Segment suggest?

A

Heart attack or just had a heart attack

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10
Q

What does an elevated ST Segment suggest?

A

Heart attack or just had a heart attack

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11
Q

What happens after depolarization?

A

Blood is being pumped out of the heart via ventricles

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12
Q

What is repolarization?

A

Ventricles are relaxing

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13
Q

What is the role of the tunica media? What is it composed of?

A

Regulate blood pressure by controlling diameter of vessel; larger and thicker in arteries; Composed of smooth muscle and elastin

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14
Q

What is the role of the tunica externa? What is it composed of?

A

Support + Protection; composed of areolar and fibrous tissue

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15
Q

What do veins have that arteries do not?

A

Valves due to little blood pressure, allowing blood to move up

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16
Q

What is the role of a capillary/

A

Meet tissue needs via diffusion

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17
Q

What is the role of an artery?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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18
Q

What is the role of a capillary?

A

Provide for exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells; care for tissue needs

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19
Q

What is the size of the tunica intima in a vein?

A

Larger in veins due to bigger lumen

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20
Q

What is the role of a venule?

A

Connect capillary to vein

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21
Q

What is the role of an arteriole?

A

Regulates pressure in capillary, connects artery to capillary

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22
Q

What is the role of the tunica intima? What is it composed of?

A

Lines lumen of a vessel, composed of endothelium, subendothelial layer and internal elastic membrane

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23
Q

What is the role of the smooth muscle in the tunica media?

A

Controls the diameter of vessels to regulate blood flow and pressure

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24
Q

In larger vessels, what does the tunica externa contain?

A

Contains system of tiny blood vessels called vasa vasorum

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25
Q

How does the size of arteries compare to that of veins?

A

Walls of arteries are thicker than veins

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26
Q

What is an elastic blood vessel? Function? Found Where?

A

Largest and contain more elastic tissue than other arteries; function is pressure reservoir for continuous blood flow; found in the aorta, brachiocephalic artery, common carotid artery

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27
Q

What is a muscular artery?

A

Distributing arteries, most numerous, less elastic

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28
Q

What is a muscular artery?

A

Also called a distributing artery, most numerous, has more smooth muscle, less elastic tissue

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29
Q

What is the function of a muscular artery? Where found?

A

Constriction (But less stretch) and distributes blood to specific areas of the body; examples: brachial and radial artery

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30
Q

Describe arterioles

A

Smallest type of artery, very thin tunica externa

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31
Q

What is the function of an arteriole?

A

Function: move blood from arterioles to capillary beds, regulate blood flow to specific areas

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32
Q

Describe capillaries

A

Only contain tunica intima

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33
Q

What is a venule?

A

Smallest type of vein

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34
Q

What is a venule’s function?

A

Drain capillary beds and merge to form veins

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35
Q

Describe veins

A

Contain more fibrous tissue in tunica externa than arteries, larger lumen

36
Q

Function of Veins

A

Low pressure vessels, return blood to heart, valves prevent backflow

37
Q

Function of Veins

A

Low pressure vessels, return blood to heart, valves prevent backflow

38
Q

What is the largest artery in the body? What are the 3 main regions?

A

Aorta; ascending, aortic arch, descending

39
Q

What makes up the aortic arch?

A

brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

40
Q

What does the brachiocephalic arch split into?

A

right common carotid and right subclavian

41
Q

What vein is commonly used to draw blood for medical tests?

A

median cubital vein

42
Q

What is hepatic portal circulation?

A

Drains digestive viscera, spleen and pancreas; delivers blood to liver via hepatic portal vein

43
Q

How is the hepatic portal vein formed?

A

Union of splenic and superior mesenteric vein

44
Q

Ascending aorta branches and what they serve

A

right and left coronary arteries; serve myocardium of the heart

45
Q

Structures Served by Brachiocephalic Trunk

A

Right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

46
Q

Structures served by right common carotid artery

A

right side of head and neck

47
Q

Structures Served by Left Common Carotid Artery

A

Left side of the head and neck

48
Q

Structures served by Left subclavian artery

A

left upper limb

49
Q

What does the celiac trunk branch into?

A

Left gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery

50
Q

Structures served by left gastric artery

A

stomach and esophogus

51
Q

structures served by splenic artery

A

pancreas, stomach, spleen

52
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery

A

Most of small intestine and first part of large intestine

53
Q

Common Iliac Arteries

A

pelvic organs, lower abdominal wall and lower limb

54
Q

Renal Arteries

A

Kidneys

55
Q

External Iliac Artery

A

Anterior abdominal wall and lower limb; transitions to femoral artery

56
Q

Femoral Arteries

A

head and neck of femu, hamstring, quads, adductors

57
Q

Popliteal Arteries

A

Continuation of the femoral artery, serves leg, ankle and foot

58
Q

Anterior Tibial Arteries

A

division of popliteal

59
Q

Posterior Tibial Arteries

A

division of popliteal, flexor muscles

60
Q

Dorsal Pedis Arteries

A

supplies dorsum of the foot

61
Q

Arcuate Artery

A

Continuation of dorsal pedis, issues dorsal metatarsal arteries

62
Q

Metatarsal Arteries

A

issued by arcuate artery, serves metatarsus of the foot

63
Q

Common Hepatic Artery

A

Liver, Stomach, Pancreas Gullblader

64
Q

Radial Artery

A

Forearm and hand

65
Q

Brachial Artery

A

biceps, triceps, coracobracialis muscle

66
Q

Axillary Arteries

A

upper limb, axilla, lateral thorax

67
Q

Lobar Arteries

A

division of pulmonary arteries, form arterioles in lungs

68
Q

Pulmonary Arteries

A

carry blood to lungs

69
Q

Pulmonary Trunk

A

Branches into left and right pulmonary arteries

70
Q

Coronary Arteries

A

Branches of the ascending aorta

71
Q

Pulmonary Veins

A

return blood to left atrium of heart

72
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

Formed by the uniting of the brachiocephalic veins

73
Q

Brachiocephalic Veins

A

drain head, neck and upper extremities; unite to form superior vena cava

74
Q

Axillary Veins

A

arm, axilla, chest wall

75
Q

Brachial Veins

A

drain lateral aspect of arm and forearm

76
Q

Cephalic Veins

A

palm of hand, and upper limbs

77
Q

Radial Vein

A

Drain deep structures of hand, lateral forearm and elbow join

78
Q

Ulnar Vein

A

Medial aspect of forearm

79
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

Transports deoxygenated blood from below diaphragm back to heart - abdomen and lower extremities

80
Q

coronary sinus

A

collection of veins located along posterior surface of heart between L + R atrium; collects majority o cardiac blood

81
Q

Common Illiac Vein

A

Forms in abdomen, divides into internal and external illiac veins

82
Q

Internal Illiac Vein

A

visceral organs in the pelvic region

83
Q

External Iliac Vein

A

Connects to femoral vein

84
Q

Hepatic Portal Vein

A

carries blood to liver from gastrointestinal tract, gall bladder, pancreas and spleen

85
Q

Femoral Vein

A

lower body

86
Q

Tibial Vein

A

sole of foot, ankle joint and posterior of leg

87
Q

dorsal pedis veins

A

dorsal surface of foot

Anatomy & Physiology II - Lab (12 decks)

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