chapter 19 Flashcards
characteristics of the helper
empathy, mood, alturism, competence. these will influence a persons pro social behaviour
empathy
our emotional response to someone else’s distress
mood
how we are feeling on the day. generally people who are in a good mood are more likely to demonstrate pro social behaviour than people who are in a bad mood
competence
their skills/ ability to help. e.g. more likely to help someone who is injured if you have first aid training etc
alturism
a unique influence on pro social behaviour where, for no personal gain and sometimes at a great personal cost, a person helps others due to a deeply felt concern for human beings
bystander intervention
the act of a person voluntarily helping someone else
bystander effect
a phenomenon where a bystander is more likely to help others in an emergancy when he/she is alone rather then when they are surrounded by other bystanders.
the decision stage model of helping
The decision stage model of helping is a model of the situational influences on bystander interventions. it says that when confronted with a situation that might require assistance, potential helpers go trough five stages before deciding whether to help or not.
These stages include;
1. Noticing the need for help
2. Deciding whether the situation is an emergency
3. Deciding to take responsibility
4. Deciding on a way to help
5. Taking action to help
whats a social norm
A norm is a a form of action or behaviour that is standardised and expected in society, they are learned and provide a background for human social interaction
social responsibility norm
the expectation that members of a society will provide help to someone who are dependent or in need, without the expectation of the favour being returned
reciprocity norm
‘do unto others as they do unto you’
the social expectation that you will respond in kind to someone who has helped you or done you a favour
what is helping behaviour
Also known as prosocial behaviour, it is that which benefits other people and society in general. It is voluntary and it is intended to benefit others.
cost benefit analysis
When a bystander is confronted with an emergency, he or she weighs up the costs and benefits of providing help compared with not helping.
kitty genovesis
demonstrates the bystander effect (murder case study)
latane and darley studies
artificial smoke poured into a room to see whether a person would go and get help or not. this concluded that the bystander effect occurs even when a persons life is at risk
people were more likely to leave the smoke filled room when by themselves compared to when they were I a group who were not acknowledging the smoke
