chapter 15 Flashcards
what are the four gestalt principles
Figure ground - a figure stands out from the background
Similarities - grouped together to provide a whole unit (rows or triangles and circles)
Proximity - grouping items together which are close together
Closure - the tendency to fill in the gaps to make a full / complete figure
perceptual constancy size
Size - we maintain a constant perception oh an objects size even if it moves closer or further away
perceptual constancy shape
Shape- we can interpret objects when viewed from any angle
what are the binocular depth cues
retinal disparity
convergence
retinal disparity
Retinal disparity: the binocular depth cue which arises as the brain compares and contrasts two slightly different images obtained because of the distance between 2 eyes
convergence
Convergence : the automatic turning of the eyes inwards as we watch objects approaching
what are the monocular depth cues
accomodation and the pictorial depth cues (liner perspective, interposition, textural gradient, relative size and height in the visual field.)
liner perpective
The perception that parallel lines appear to converge in the distance
interposition
Objects which are found in front of other objects are seen as being closer
textural gradient
The detail of a surface decreases in the distance
relative size
Objects which cast a large retinal image as seen as being closest and objects which cast a small retinal image are seen as further away
height in the visual field
Objects closer to the horizon are seen as being further away
accommodation
involves the sense of the eye changing shape so that it can focus the light rays onto the retina. the greater the tension in the ciliary muscle the closer the object
what do the pictorial depth cues do
they are used by artists to create a 3D perception of something that exists on a 2D surface
whats depth perception
the ability to see the world in 3D
