Chapter 19 & 20

Question 0

pregnancy

Answer 0

the condition characterized by the presence of a developing embryo within the uterus

Question 1

Why must a newborn’s first breath be forceful?

Answer 1

to make surface tension release to inflate the lungs

Question 2

embryonic membrane that forms blood cells and gives rise to cells destined to become sex cells

Answer 2

yoke sac

Question 3

cleavage

Answer 3

period of development where the contents of a zygote is divided into smaller and smaller cells

Question 4

surfactant

Answer 4

the substance that functions to decrease surface tension within a newborn’s lungs

Question 5

embryo when it is clearly recognizable as a human being

Answer 5

fetus

Question 6

Chorionic villi

Answer 6

slender projections that grow into the uterine wall

Question 7

chromosomes in a human zygote

Answer 7

46

Question 8

zygote

Answer 8

the first cell of an offspring

Question 9

when can external reproductive organs be distinguished on a developing fetus

Answer 9

12 weeks

Question 10

requirement for development of dizygotic twins

Answer 10

two eggs & two sperm

Question 11

drugs pass to a fetus through

Answer 11

the placental membrane

Question 12

this gives a premature infant an increased chance of surviving

Answer 12

enough surfactant in the respiratory system

Question 13

Teratogens

Answer 13

the factors that cause congenital malformations

Question 14

the placenta forms from

Answer 14

the mother and the embryo

Question 15

blastocysts

Answer 15

constitute the inner cell mass of a developing embryo

Question 16

function of the ductus arteriosus

Answer 16

take blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta

Question 17

chromosomes normal males have

Answer 17

X & Y

Question 18

area in fetal circulation that is relatively high in oxygen and nutrients

Answer 18

ductus venosus

Question 19

how does oxygen and nutrient rich blood reach the fetus from the placenta

Answer 19

the umbilical vein

Question 20

symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 20

facial abnormalities & mental retardation

Question 21

blood vessels in the umbilical cord

Answer 21

2 arteries & 1 vein

Question 22

main source of energy for newborn in first few days after birth

Answer 22

fat stores

Question 23

newborn’s metabolic rate and O2 consumption after birth

Answer 23

they both increase

Question 24

structure/cells included in the placental membrane

Answer 24

double layer of epithelial cells

Question 25

duration of the fetal stage during gestation

Answer 25

end of the 8th week until birth

Question 26

human chorionic gonadotropin comes from

Answer 26

the embryo

Question 27

function of foramen ovale

Answer 27

through the atrial septum from right atrium to left atrium

Question 28

True or False - Some factors that stimulate a newborn's first breath are increasing CO2, low pH, decreasing body temperature and mechanical stimulation.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

the amount of testosterone produced is regulated by

Answer 29

negative feedback

Question 30

increase of hormone LH @ approximately day 14 of menstrual cycle causes what

Answer 30

ovulation

Question 31

Function of oxytosin

Answer 31

let down of milk

Question 32

FSH stimulates what

Answer 32

the primordial follicle to start the maturation process

Question 33

secretions of the prostate accomplish?

Answer 33

neutralize the acidic semen

Question 34

aids the movement of the egg down the uterine tube

Answer 34

peristaltic contractions and ciliary action

Question 35

tubular portion of the uterus

Answer 35

cervix

Question 36

what is the concentration of estrogen and progesterone when menstrual flow occurs

Answer 36

they are low

Question 37

testicular cancer most often originates from

Answer 37

the epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules

Question 38

cells that produce sex hormones in the testes

Answer 38

interstitial cells

Question 39

why women athletes sometimes experience menstrual cycle disturbances

Answer 39

decreased synthesis of estrogen

Question 40

Pap smear and its function

Answer 40

scrapping of the inside of the cervix to detect the presence of abnormal cells

Question 41

testosterone responsible for

Answer 41

the development & maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics

Question 42

spermatogenesis and what happens during meiosis

Answer 42

after meiosis you get 4 sperm cells with 23 chromosomes each

Question 43

female structure corresponds to the male penis

Answer 43

clitoris

Question 44

estrogen mainly responsible for

Answer 44

the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics

Question 45

layers of the uterus

Answer 45

endometrium - the inner most layer myometrium ectometrium

Question 46

spermatogonia

Answer 46

undifferentiated spermatogenic cells

Question 47

secondary oocyte

Answer 47

a primary oocyte that has undergone meiosis can produce a zygote

Question 48

epididymis

Answer 48

tightly coiled tube that leads to the vas defrens

Question 49

androgens

Answer 49

male sex hormones

Question 50

when does meiosis occur

Answer 50

spermatogenesis & oogenesis

Question 51

parturition

Answer 51

the birth process

Question 52

corpus luteum

Answer 52

following ovulation the follicular cells of the ovary will enlarge to form this structure

Question 53

hormone that stimulates female breast development

Answer 53

estrogen

Question 54

sperm cells are produced where

Answer 54

the seminiferous tubules

Question 55

orgasm

Answer 55

culmination of sexual stimulation

Question 56

oogenesis

Answer 56

the process by which egg cells are formed

Question 57

mammary glands

Answer 57

secrete milk

Question 58

cells that produce male sex hormones in the testes

Answer 58

interstitial cells

Question 59

the vulva

Answer 59

the structures of the female reproductive system that surround the opening to the urethra and vagina

Question 60

primary sex organs of the male reproductive system

Answer 60

testis

Question 61

the flagellum

Answer 61

the part of the sperm cell that enables it to swim