Chapter 14 Lymphatic System and Immunity Flashcards
Structure of lymphatic vessels are similar to what other type of vessel
veins
Spleen - size, structure, and cellular contents
Largest lymphatic - structure similar to lymph node - has a lot of macrophages
the two collecting ducts that drain the lymphatic trunks
thoracic duct & right lymphatic duct
how does increased hydrostatic pressure in tissue fluid affect the formation of lymph
Formation of lymph in the lymphatic capillaries increases due to increase in hydrostatic pressure in tissue fluid
Hilum
the region of a lymph node that blood vessels pass through
specific body defense mechanism
immunity
interferon
group of proteins that responds to the presence of viruses thus preventing their replication
most active phagocytic cells in circulating blood
neutrophils & monocytes
cells responsible for immunity
macrophages & lymphocytes
T-lymphocytes are responsible for what
cell mediated immunity
structural units in a lymph node
nodules
naturally acquired active immunity
the type of resistance that develops as a result of developing a disease
cause of the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels
skeletal muscular activity
cells required in normal immune response
T cells & B cells
mast cells release during an allergen-antibody reaction
histamine
condition that may occur if lymphatic tissue is removed from an extremity
edema
Newborns receive IgA from where
breast milk
The HIV virus that causes AIDS may affect what type of cells?
T helper cells, macrophages, & DNA
mechanical barriers
The body’s first line of defense. (skin, hair & mucous membranes)
B-lymphocytes are responsible for what?
humoral immunity
What is the immune response directed toward in an autoimmune disease?
self substances
Examples of Autoimmune diseases
HIV, RA, Lupus, Insulin Dependent Diabetes
Definition of “specific” or adaptive response of immunity.
The third line of defense.
The hormone thymosin, secreted by the thymus, stimulates what cellular activity.
maturation of T cells
Where may older red blood cells be destroyed
spleen
primary immune response
B-lymphocytes give rise to plasma cells
Second line of defense mechanisms
Chemical barriers - the enzyme lysozyme in tears, gastric juices in the stomach, salt from perspiration all attack pathogens
Definition of immunoglobulin molecule
A type of antibody in plasma similar in structure to the antigen receptor molecules on the original B cells surface
Active immunity
You had the disease and developed the immunity from that
T helper cells release
lymphokines
what type of fluid is lymph
tissue fluid
definition of pathogens
something that causes disease
riticuloendotheial tissue
type of tissue widely distributed phagocytic cells that remain in fixed position are found in this type of tissue
what is the foreign or nonself protein marker on cells that trigger immune responses
antigen
definition of gamma globulin fraction
plasma proteins
Definition of vaccine
Includes the antigen that stimulate a primary immune response but do not produce the severe symptoms of disease
definition of memory cell
Following a primary response the memory cells remain dormant but are able to respond to antigens in the future
