Chapter 16 Respirtory System

Question 0

the force that holds the visceral and parietal pleural membranes together

Answer 0

surface tension

Question 1

partial pressure

Answer 1

the pressure created by each gas in a mixture of gases

Question 2

O2 percentage of “ordinary air”

Answer 2

21% oxygen

Question 3

surfactant

Answer 3

the substance that is secreted by cells in the lungs to reduce surface tension

Question 4

the compound formed when CO2 binds to hemoglobin

Answer 4

carbaminohemoglobin

Question 5

hyperventilation

Answer 5

prolonged and rapid deep breething

Question 6

visceral pleura

Answer 6

the layer of serous membrane firmly attached to the surface of a lung

Question 7

the space between the pleural membranes

Answer 7

pleura cavity

Question 8

vital capacity

Answer 8

the measurement of the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible

Question 9

where are the respiratory centers located

Answer 9

medulla and pons in the brain stem

Question 10

definition of expiratory reserve volume

Answer 10

the amount of air the lungs can expel beyond the resting tidal volume with forced expiration

Question 11

cause of respiratory distress syndrome in newborns

Answer 11

a lack of surfactant

Question 12

what happens if blood concentration of CO2 increases

Answer 12

increased breathing rate

Question 13

How are microorganisms destroyed when they become trapped by the sticky mucus of the airways in the lungs?

Answer 13

digestive action of gastric juices

Question 14

Locations of paranasal sinuses

Answer 14

Frontal - Sphenoid - Ethmoid - Maxillary

Question 15

Muscles helpful for a forceful expiration

Answer 15

Abdominal wall and posterior internal intercostal

Question 16

carbonic anhydrase

Answer 16

enzyme that causes CO2 to react with water

Question 17

What supplies the force that causes air to move into the lungs during inspiration?

Answer 17

atmospheric pressure

Question 18

The action through which the gas exchange between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries occurs

Answer 18

diffusion

Question 19

What is responsible for the normal forces of expiration?

Answer 19

The force of elastic recoil.

Question 20

Pneumothorax

Answer 20

air in the pleural cavity

Question 21

receptors in the inflation reflex are most sensitive to

Answer 21

stretch

Question 22

Danger of laryngitis

Answer 22

the swelling can obstruct the airway (larynx)

Question 23

Microorganisms trapped in the mucus of the nasal cavity are most likely to be transported to what area

Answer 23

the stomach

Question 24

Muscles involved in expanding the thorax and decreasing the pressure inside the lung during inhalation

Answer 24

diaphragm & external intercostal muscles

Question 25

With hyperventilation what happens to CO2 and pH?

Answer 25

CO2 decreases & pH increases

Question 26

alveoli walls are composed of what type of tissue

Answer 26

simple squamous epithelial

Question 27

tidal volume

Answer 27

the amount of air that enters or leaves the lungs during one respiratory cycle

Question 28

the vocal cords are located where

Answer 28

the larynx

Question 29

bronchoscopy

Answer 29

procedure to directly examine the trachea & bronchial tree

Question 30

what comprises the respiratory membrane

Answer 30

2 epithelial membranes and 1 basement membrane

Question 31

Where is caner most likely to originate in the lungs?

Answer 31

the epithelial cells

Question 32

which lung is larger and how many lobes does it have

Answer 32

the right lung is larger and has 3 lobes

the left lung is smaller with 2 lobes

Question 33

what is the glottis and where is it located

Answer 33

the glottis is the open space between the false vocal cords and the true vocal cords in the larynx at the beginning of the tracea

Question 34

the upper respiratory organs are located

Answer 34

outside the thorax (they are the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx)

Question 35

Does CO2 or O2 combine more effectively to hemoglobin?

Answer 35

Carbon monoxide binds more readily to hemoglobin than oxygen. (True)

Question 36

what closes when a person swallows?

Answer 36

the epiglottis

Question 37

the parts of the pharynx

Answer 37

Nasopharynx - Oropharynx - Laryngopharynx