Cardiovascular System Ch. 13 Flashcards
pericardium
loose-fitting sac around the heart
pathway of blood through heart from vena cava to the lungs
right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary valve
skeleton of the heart includes these
fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the valves and in the interventricular septum
heart valves that close when the ventricles contract
bicuspid and tricuspid valves
Sequence of cardiac impulses
SA node - AV node - AV bundle - Purkinje fibers
heart structure with self-exciting tissue
SA node
branches of the aorta
aortic sinus - brachiocephalic artery - common carotid artery - subclavian artery - thoracic aorta - abdominal aorta - celiac artery - superior, inferior, and mesenteric arteries - suprarenal arteries - renal arteries - gonadal arteries - common iliac arteries
*The Pulmonary artery is not a branch of the aorta.
nerve fibers cause the heart rate to decrease
parasympathetic
blood vessel serves as blood reservoir
veins
vein that drains blood from face and scalp
external jugular vein
Starling’s law
the greater the length of the myocardial fibers the greater the force as they contract
When is blood pressure greatest in the systemic arteries?
ventricular systole
P wave of EKG
depolarization of atria
why do plasma proteins remain in blood capillaries
maintain osmotic pressure of the blood
Artrial natriuretic factor
inhibits renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone and is released by heart in its atrium
Angina pectoris
pain caused by obstruction or narrowing of an artery on outside of heart
T wave on EKG
repolarization of ventricles
nerve fibers cause the heart rate to increase
sympathetic
what vessel of the heart has relatively low oxygen content
pulmonary artery
bradycardia
slow heart rate
atherosclerosis
fatty materials on artery walls - increased by fatty diet, high blood pressure
*Use diet of Unsaturated fats to combat it
filtration
blood molecules forced through the vessel walls due to hydrostatic pressure
SA node
the pacemaker of the heart
location of venules
they continue from the capillaries to form veins which carry blood back to the atria of the heart
veins function as reservoirs under what conditions
when blood pressure drops
location of bicuspid valve
Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
coronary arteries
arteries that supply blood to the heart
where does blood go when the left ventricle contracts
to the entire body via the aorta
arteries found near the brim of the pelvis from the aorta
common iliac arteries
ventricle with thicker muscle wall
left ventricle because it functions to pump blood up out of heart to the entire body
pericardial cavity
the potential space between the parietal and visceral pericardial membranes
QRS complex on EKG
depolarization of the ventricles
location of the semilunar valves
function to close the ventricles of the heart after ventricles have emptied and are resting
how is blood supplied to the myocardium
coronary arteries
blood vessels thin enough to allow exchange of gases
capillaries
what drains the blood from the wall of the heart
coronary sinus
full pathway of blood through heart
vena cava - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary valve - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - mitral valve - left ventricle
largest artery in the systemic circuit
aorta
atrial systole
atria contract - ventricles relax at same time
bradycardia
slow heart beat fewer than 60 beats per minute
Angina pectoris
ischemia of the heart due to blockage or narrowing of a coronary artery
vessel that carries blood to the left atria
pulmonary veins
chamber of heart that receives blood from the vena cava
right atrium
vessel that carries blood to the lungs from the right ventricle
pulmonary arteries
Pericarditis
inflammation around the heart membranes
great saphenous vein
longest vein in the body
Purkinje fibers
distribution of electricity to papillary muscles of the venticles
chamber that receives blood from the lungs
left atrium
Endocarditis
inflammation of the mitral valve of the heart
Atrial diastole
ventricular contraction and atrial relaxing at same time
ECG
electrocardiogram is a recording of the electrical changes in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle
tachycardia
fast heart rate more than 100 beats per minute
SA node
the nodal cells initiate cardiac impulses that stimulate cardiac muscle fibers to contract - the pacemaker of the heart
Heart attack
myocardial infarction
