CHAPTER 19 Flashcards
2 componentsof the skin
dermis
epidermis
what are the components of the leathery dermis
sweat galnds
oil glands
hair follicles
trauma to the epidermis or dermis.
skin wound
The skin surface, hair follicles, and sweat ducts are home to a variety of members of the
microbiome
examples of microbiome
staphylococcus
diptheroids
can occur at the base of a hair follicle (called a pimple) or at the base of an eyelid (called a sty).
folliculitis
can occur at the base of a hair follicle
pimple
occurs at the base of an eyelid
sty
results when infection spreads to surrounding tissues
boil or furuncle
formed when several furuncles join
carbuncle
are common on the skin.
staphylococcus epidermis
s. aureus
Some strains of Staphylococcus aureus secrete ___ that dissolve the proteins that hold cell membranes together
exfoliative toxins
the result of exfoliative toxins ; condition where the epidermis peels off in sheets
staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
a contagious skin disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus).
impetigo or pyoderma
results when impetigo infections spread to lymph nodes.
erysipelas
commonly caused by group A Streptococcus (S. pyogenes), is a painful disease characterized by a red painful lesion, flulike symptoms, digestion of connective tissue around muscles, toxemia, and often death.
necrotizing fasciitis
commonly composed of dead Propionibacterium acnes or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria combined with living leu- kocytes.
acne pimples
Dead bacteria that block pores form
blackheads
Bartonella henselae is carried by cats and causes
cat scratch disease
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen producing pyocyanin, a blue-green pigment. The microbe kills cells, destroys tissues, and triggers shock in immunocompro- mised patients and burn victims, and it causes
otitis externa (swimmer’s ear).
ticks carry what?
rickettsias
it is causes by rockettsia rickettsii
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)
subcutaneous hemorrhages are called
petechiae
results when Bacillus anthracis infects a cut in the skin
cutaneous anthrax
crusty, black ulcer procudes by anthrax
eschar
develops in dead tissue infected with Clostridium endospores.
gas gangren e
4 diseases caused by pox virus
smallpox
orf
cowpox
monkey pox
what is the pattern of progression of lesions
lesions
flat macules
raised papules
vesicles
pustules
what are the 2 strains or smallpox virus (variola virus)
variola minor
variola major
__is a severe infection in the oral cavity.
herpetic gingovostomatitis
the name of lesions acquired by athletes
herpes gladiatorum
are growths of epithelium or mucous membranes.
warts / papillomas
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes __ (also known as varicella) in children and adults
chickenpox
VZV also causes a recurrent disease in adults
shingles
(also called German measles or three-day measles) is caused by Rubivirus. The disease is mild in children but more seri- ous in adults and fetuses.
rubella
virus causes rubeola (red measles), a serious, contagious childhood disease characterized by widespread rash and by
measles
a rare complication of measles ; slow and progressive disease of the central nervous system
viruses also cause __ & _
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) and roseola.
are fungal diseases.
mycoses
are fungal infections that produce the enzyme keratinase, which dis- solves keratin of the hair, nails, and skin.
superficial mycoses
results from interference with melanin production in patches of skin.
pityriasis versicolor
Cutaneous mycoses are dermatophytoses (formerly called ringworms or tineas).
dermatophytoses
Ascomycete fungi that infect wounds cause __ which progressively manifests as lesions, warts, and tumors.
chromoblastomyco- sis,
typically caused by invasion of ascomy- cete (fungal) spores in traumatic or surgical wounds.
phaeohyphomycosis
Several genera of soil ascomycetes cause invasive, tumorlike skin infections called
mycetomas
is a cutaneous or subcutaneous disease caused by inoculation with Sporothrix, often by thorn pricks from roses.
sporotrichosis
is a parasitic protozoan transmitted to humans by sand flies
leishmania
caused by leishmania ; a zoonosis (disease of animals transmitted to humans) that can be cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral.
leishmanias
caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei ; a disease of itchy blisters, often on the webbing between the fingers. Scratching can intro- duce bacteria into the wounds, leading to impetigo.
scabies
