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Medical Terminology > Chapter 18 The Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chapter 18 The Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

The difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is that the patient may not be _________ dependent with type 2 diabetes

A

Insuiln

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2
Q

The organ that is affected in type 2 diabetes in the ______________.

A

Pancreas

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3
Q

The abbreviation FPG stands for fasting ____________ glucose.

A

Plasma

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4
Q

What does an HbA blood test measure?

A

the portion of RBC’s with glucose attached

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5
Q

_________ is another name for the term somatotropin?

A

Growth Hormone

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6
Q

An oversecretion of somatotropin before adulthood results in _________.

A

gigantism

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7
Q

An undersecretion of somatotropin in childhood results in ___________.

A

Dwarfism

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8
Q

Katrina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism, which means that her thyroid gland is producing __________ thyroid hormone.

A

deficient

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9
Q

What term means an extreme form of hypothyroidism in adults?

A

myxedema

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10
Q

What term means an enlargement of the thyroid gland, usually caused by low iodine levels?

A

Goiter

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11
Q

If hypothyroidism occurs in childhood, what condition can result?

A

Cretinism

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12
Q

Match the hormone with their actions

increases metabolism in body cells

A

thyroxine

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13
Q

Match the hormone with their actions

develops and maintains female sex characteristics

A

Estrogen

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14
Q

Match the hormone with their actions

raises heart rate and blood pressure

A

Epinephrine

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15
Q

Match the hormone with their actions

increases blood sugar

A

Cortisol

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16
Q

Match the hormone with their actions

promotes growth and maintenance of male sex characteristics

A

Testosterone

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17
Q

Match the hormone with their actions

stimulates secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex

A

Adrenocorticotropic

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18
Q

Match the hormone with their actions

helps transport glucose to cells

A

Insulin

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19
Q

Match the hormone with their actions
raises blood calcium

A

parathyroid hormone

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20
Q

Match the hormone with their actions
stimulates water reabsorption by the kidney tubules

A

vasopressin

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21
Q

Match the hormone with their actions
Increases reabsorption of sodium by the kidney tubules

A

aldosterone

22
Q

Chose whether the following are related to hypo- or hypersecretion, and chose the endocrine gland involved:
Cushing syndrome

A

hyper
adrenal cortex

23
Q

Chose whether the following are related to hypo- or hypersecretion, and chose the endocrine gland involved:
tetany

A

hypo
parathyroid

24
Q

Chose whether the following are related to hypo- or hypersecretion, and chose the endocrine gland involved:
Diabetes Mellitus

A

hypo
pancreas

25
Q

Chose whether the following are related to hypo- or hypersecretion, and chose the endocrine gland involved:
Graves Disease

A

hyper
thyroid

26
Q

Chose whether the following are related to hypo- or hypersecretion, and chose the endocrine gland involved:
Cretinism

A

hypo
thyroid

27
Q

Chose whether the following are related to hypo- or hypersecretion, and chose the endocrine gland involved:
Addison Disease

A

hypo
thyroid

28
Q

Chose whether the following are related to hypo- or hypersecretion, and chose the endocrine gland involved:
Gigantism

A

hyper
adenohypophysis

29
Q

Radioactive iodine is abbreviated as _______

A

RAI

30
Q

Radioactive iodine is _____________ to destroy an overactive thyroid gland.

A

treatment for graves disease to destroy an overactive thyroid gland

31
Q

Sodium is the abbreviated as ______

A

Na+

32
Q

Growth hormone is the abbreviated as ________

A

GH

33
Q

Glucose tolerance test is abbreviated as _______

A

GTT

34
Q

Glucose Tolerance test is __________ in the blood

A

Test to assess the sugar levels in the blood

35
Q

ACTH is the abbreviation for __________________

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

36
Q

ACTH is _____________

A

Secretion of this hormone stimulates an endocrine gland above the kidney

37
Q

Thyroid function test is the abbreviated as _______

A

TFT

38
Q

Thyroid function test is

A

this test assess the function of an endocrine gland in the neck

39
Q

Diabetes mellitus is the abbreviated as

A

DM

40
Q

Diabetes mellitus is

A

Type 1 and type 2 are forms of this condition

41
Q

Diabetes insipidus is the abbreviated as

A

DI

42
Q

Diabetes insipidus is __________ to release vasopressin.

A

Posterior pituitary gland fails

43
Q

TSH is the abbreviation for ________

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

44
Q

TSH is _______________ the anterior pituitary gland stimulates an endocrine gland in the neck.

A

Secretion of this hormone from

45
Q

DKA is the abbreviation for

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

46
Q

FBS is the abbreviation for

A

Fasting blood sugar

47
Q

Potassium is abbreviated as

A

K+

48
Q

Glycogen is converted back into glucose by the hormone gluc______.
a. osamine
b. agon
c. otropin
d. agen

A

agon

49
Q

The hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during labor is oxy_____.
a. contin
b. tocin
c. tropin
d. uria

A

tocin

50
Q

Poly_____ is a term for excessive thirst.
a. uria
b. dipsia
c. phasia
d. phagia

A

Dipsia

51
Q

Mrs. Pitt developed excessive hair on her face and body, or ________, due to excessive secretion of androgens caused by an adrenal tumor.
a. virilism
b. tetany
c. hirsutism
d. cretinism

A

hirsutism

52
Q

Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood is called:
a. myxedema
b. cretinism
c. Addison disease
d. Cushing syndrome

A

myxedema

Medical Terminology (7 decks)

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