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Medical Terminology > Chapter 13 Blood System & Chapter 14 Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Blood System & Chapter 14 Lymphatic System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

A transfusion using ab individual’s own previously drawn blood is called

A

Autologous transfusion

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2
Q

Type O blood contains what antigens

A

Neither A or B

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3
Q

Substances that neutralizes

A

Antibodies

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4
Q

What is the universal recipient?

A

AB

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5
Q

The medical term meaning the termination of bleeding

A

hemostasis

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6
Q

Those who have hemophilia have prolonged prothrombin __________

A

time

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7
Q

How is hemophilia acquired?

A

it is hereditary

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8
Q

What does the combining form rhin/o mean in the term allergic rhinitis?

A

Nose

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9
Q

What is the term that means a life-threatening response to an allergen?

A

anaphylaxis

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10
Q

The development of sensitivity to environmental allergens is called what genetic predisposition?

A

Atopy

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11
Q

A skin rash attributable to hypersensitivity to soap or other agents is called __________.

A

Atopic dermatitis

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12
Q

What is lymphadenopathy?

A

disease of lymph glands

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13
Q

What is the name of the cells that are affected in Hodkin lymphoma?

A

Reed-Sternberg

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14
Q

What does the suffix -megaly in hepatomegaly and splenomegaly mean?

A

Enlarged

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15
Q

Where is cervical lymphadenopathy?

A

Neck

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16
Q

The organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells is the
a. Thymus gland
b. Liver
c. Lymph nodes
d. Spleen

A

Spleen

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17
Q

The collection of stationary lymph tissue in the neck region is known as the:
a. Pharyngeal nodes
b. inguinal nodes
c. Neck nodes
d. Cervical nodes

A

Cervical nodes

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18
Q

Nasopharyngeal lymph tissue is called the:
a. Adenoids
b. Oropharyngeal nodes
c. Cervical Nodes
d. Tonsils

A

Adenoids

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19
Q

The medical term for large bluish-purple spots of leaked blood under the skin commonly called bruising is
a. Ecchymoses
b. Petechia
c. Hematoma
d. Purpura

A

Ecchymoses

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20
Q

Proteins in the blood that help antibodies and T cells kill their targets are called are:
a. Complement system
b. Antibodies
c. Immune system
d. Purified protein antigen

A

Complement System

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21
Q

A collection of stationary lymph tissue in the groin region is known as the:
a. Lymphoid organs
b. Cervical nodes
c. Inguinal nodes
d. Lymph nodes

A

Inguinal Nodes

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22
Q

Which test measures the number of helper T cells in the bloodstream of patients with AIDS?
a. ELISA
b. Viral load test
c. CD4 lymphocyte count
d. Immunoelectrophoresis

A

CD4 Lymphocyte count

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23
Q

The hormone secreted by the kidneys to stimulate the bone marrow to make RBCs is:
a. Albumin
b. Fibrinogen
c. Prothrombin
d. Globulin
e. Erythropoietin

A

Erythropoietin

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24
Q

____________ is excessive bleeding caused by a congenital lack of one of the protein factors necessary for blood clotting
a. Hemophilia
b. Polycythemia vera
c. Hemochromatosis
d. Granulocytosis

A

Hemophilia

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25
Q

This test is used to evaluate patients taking anticoagulant medications:
a. Coumadin count
b. Hemoglobin test
c. Prothrombin time
d. Erythrocytes sedimentation rate

A

Prothrombin Time

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26
Q

Masses of lymph tissue in the back of the oropharynx are the:
a. Cervical nodes
b. Tonsils
c. Lymph nodes
d. Spleen

A

Tonsils

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27
Q

The separation of blood into its component parts by spinning a blood sample at high speeds in a centrifuge is called:
a. Biopsy
b. Apheresis
c. Centrifugation
d. Sedimentation

A

Apheresis

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28
Q

The administration of packed cells is a treatment for:
a. Thrombocytopenia
b. Pernicious anemia
c. Anemia
d. Pancytopenia

A

Anemia

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29
Q

The correct term for removal of the spleen is:
a. Splenic incision
b. Splenomegaly
c. Splenectomy
d. Splenectomy

A

Splenectomy

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30
Q

The laboratory test used to detect and differentiate abnormal levels of specific antibodies is:
a. Antiviral-specific assay
b. Serum enzyme assay
c. LDH test
d. Immunoelectrophoresis

A

Immunoelectrophoresis

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31
Q

Mrs. Thompson is diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. This means that:
a. She produces abnormal hemoglobin
b. Her bone marrow destroys RBCs at a faster rate than it produces them
c. She has insufficient iron to synthesize hemoglobin
d. She has insufficient intrinsic factors in producing RBCs

A

She has insufficient iron to synthesize hemoglobin

32
Q

The percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood is the:
a. Hematocrit
b. Platelet count
c. Hemoglobin test
d. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A

Hematocrit

33
Q

What do hay fever, anaphylactic shock, and hives have in common?
a. They are caused by exposure to cytokines
b. They are poor reactions to first-time exposure to an allergen
c. They all involve the lymphatic system
d. They are hypersensitivity reactions

A

They are hypersensitivity reactions

34
Q

The organ located in the upper mediastinum that plays an important role in immunity, especially during fetal life and the early years of growth, is the:
a. Lymph nodes
b. Liver
c. Thymus
d. Spleen

A

Thymus

35
Q

The microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle is a:
a. Stem cell transplant
b. bone marrow transplant
c. Morphology study
d. Bone marrow biopsy

A

Bone Marrow Biopsy

36
Q

The combining form lymph/o means:
a. Lymph
b. Limp
c. Malignant
d. Gland

A

Lymph

37
Q

Phagocytes clear away dead cells and debris as an infection subsides are called:
a. Immunoglobins
b. Macrophages
c. Natural killer cells
d. Antibodies

A

Macrophages

38
Q

Blood is composed of which 3 types of cells

A

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Platelets

39
Q

The lymphatic system performs all these functions except:
a. Transport oxygen to capillaries from the bloodstream
b. Absorb lipids from the small intestine and transport them to the bloodstream
c. Defend the body against foreign organisms such as bacteria and viruses
d. Act as a drainage system to transport proteins and leaked fluids back to the bloodstream

A

Transport oxygen to capillaries from the bloodstream

40
Q

Blood screening that includes an RBC count, and WBC count with differential, a platelet count, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and red blood cells indices is called __________
a. Coombs test
b. Complete blood count
c. Hematocrit
d. Total blood factor

A

Complete Blood Count

41
Q

__________ is an opportunistic infection that is a yeast-like fungus, also known as Candida. It can overgrow in the mouth, respiratory tract, and skin in AIDS patients:
a. Histoplasmosis
b. Cytomegalovirus
c. Cryptococcal infection
d. Toxoplasmosis
e. none of these answers are correct

A

None of these answers are correct

42
Q

HIV is:
a. The test used to detect AIDS
b. The virus that causes AIDS
c. A malignancy associated with AIDS
d. A drug used to treat AIDS

A

The virus that causes AIDS

43
Q

The suffix in the term anemia means:
a. Carrying or Transmission
b. none of these
c. Blood condition
d. Protein
e. Formation

A

Blood Condition

44
Q

_________ is an opportunistic infection that is a yeast-like fungus, also known as Candida. It can overgrow in the mouth, respiratory tract, and skin in AIDS patients.
a. Cryptococcal Infection
b. Toxoplasmosis
c. Cytomegalovirus
d. Histoplasmosis
e. none of these answer are correct

A

None of these answers are correct

45
Q

The hormone secreted by the kidneys to stimulate the bone marrow to make RBCs is:

a. Globulin
b. Prothrombin
c. Erythropoietin
d. Albumin
e. Fibrinogen

A

Erythropoietin

46
Q

match the leukocyte type with its function

Major role in fighting bacterial infections, phagocyte

A

neutrophil

47
Q

match the leukocyte type with its function

phagocytic cell that becomes a macrophage and digests bacteria and tissue debris

A

monocyte

48
Q

match the leukocyte type with its function

Responds to parastic infections and is a phagocytes in allergic reactions

A

eosinophils

49
Q

match the leukocyte type with its function

Responds to allergen, releases histamine and heparin

A

basophil

50
Q

match the leukocyte type with its function

controls the immune response

A

Lymphocyte

51
Q

Match the comment with the correct fluid
either lymph or blood:

No pump

A

Lymph

52
Q

Match the comment with the correct fluid
either lymph or blood:

plasma

A

Blood

53
Q

Match the comment with the correct fluid
either lymph or blood:

All blood cell types

A

Blood

54
Q

Match the comment with the correct fluid
either lymph or blood:

Pump

A

Blood

55
Q

Match the comment with the correct fluid
either lymph or blood:

WBC’s only

A

Lymph

56
Q

Match the comment with the correct fluid
either lymph or blood:

Interstitial fluid

A

Lymph

57
Q

Toxoplasmosis is abbreviated as ______

A

Toxo

58
Q

Toxoplasmosis is ____________

A

A parasitic infection associated and AIDS

59
Q

Herpes simplex virus as _________

A

HSV

60
Q

Fe is the abbreviation for __________

A

iron

61
Q

Hct is the abbreviation for ___________

A

Hematocrit

62
Q

Antibody is the abbreviated as _________

A

Ab

63
Q

PT is the abbreviation for _____________

A

Prothrombin time

64
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is the abbreviation for ___________

A

ESR

65
Q

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is abbreviated as _________

A

NHL

66
Q

CBC is the abbreviation for ___________

A

Complete Blood Count

67
Q

AIDS is the abbreviation for ________

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

68
Q

Hgb is the abbreviation for _________

A

Hemoglobin

69
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

Toxo (Toxoplasmosis)

A

Toxoplasmosis is parasitic infection associated with AIDS

70
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

HSV (Herpes simplex virus)

A

Herpes simplex virus is a viral infection that causes small blisters on the skin of the lips, nose or genitals

71
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

Hct (Hematocrit)

A

Hct is the percentage of red blood cells in blood volume

72
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

Ab (Antibody)

A

Antibody is a protein made by white blood cells in response to foreign substances

73
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is speed at which erythrocytes settle our of plasma

74
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)

A

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is a malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue is spleen and lymph nodes

75
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

CBC (Complete Blood Count)

A

CBC is a determination of the number of blood cells, and hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit and red cell values

76
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

AIDS (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)

A

AIDS is caused by human immunodeficiency virus

77
Q

Explain the abbreviation:

Hgb (Hemoglobin)

A

Hgb is a blood protein that transports oxygen to tissues

Medical Terminology (7 decks)

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