Chapter 18 - Notes Flashcards
What is the difference between active and passive verbs?
When a verb is active, the subject is performing the action of the verb. When a verb is passive, the subject is receiving the action.
True or False. When you use a helping verb to form the passive voice, the time of the verbal construction is determined by the helping verb, not the main verb.
True
Does English have a middle voice?
No
What is the middle voice?
The essence of the middle voice is that the subject is affected by the action of the verb. The subject still does the action of the verb, and if there is a direct object it still receives the action of the verb, but in some way the action comes back and affects the subject. This is called subject-affectedness.
True or false. Some scholars argue that, in general terms, active verbs tend to focus attention on the action, while middle verbs tend to focus attention on the subject.
True. Words that occur in the middle tend to be intransitive, so there is no direct object to receive the force of the verb; the attention is focused back on the subject.
What does deponent mean?
A deponent verb is one that is middle or passive in form but active in meaning. Its form is always middle or passive, but its meaning is always active. It can never have a passive meaning.
True or false. In a single tense an active verb can be both regular or middle.
False. It can’t be both.
True or false. The lexical form of a middle-only (deponent) verb ends in ομαι.
True
What does the present passive indicative mean?
Instead of the subject performing the action of the active verb (“I love Robin”), the subject receives the action of the passive verb (“I am loved by Robin”).
True or False. If the verb is followed by ὑπό with the genitive, or with a dative that shows the agent of the action, translate it as a passive.
True
