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Anatomy Sem 2 > Chapter 18: Blood Test > Flashcards

Chapter 18: Blood Test Flashcards

1
Q

leukemia

A

over 100,000/uL WBC count

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2
Q

platelets

A

cell fragments that form from the rupture of a megakaryocyte

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3
Q

antigens

A

substances that the body recognizes as foreign

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4
Q

what occurs in hemophilia?

A

a hereditary disease where blood does not coagulate to stop bleeding due to missing proteins

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5
Q

agglutination

A

the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump

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6
Q

type B blood has

A

b agglutinogens, a agglutinins

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7
Q

which hemostasis phase results in aggregation and the formation of a plug in the breakage area of a blood vessel?

A

platelet

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8
Q

normal blood pH falls in a range between _____ to ______

A

7.35-7.45

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9
Q

the average functional lifespan of an RBC is…

A

120 days

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10
Q

type AB blood has…

A

A and B antigens, no antibodies

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11
Q

what determines whether someone is labeled “+” or “-“

A

whether or not they have the Rh/D antigen

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12
Q

hemostasis

A

the process by which bleeding is stopped

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13
Q

agranulocytes

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

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14
Q

what is hematocrit

A

percentage of red blood cells in whole blood

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15
Q

protein responsible for carrying oxygen

A

hemoglobin

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16
Q

albumins

A

numerous plasma protein that deals with water balance and transportation of thyroid hormones in the blood stream

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17
Q

which of the following scenarios would result in erythroblastosis fetalis, or at the very least sensitizing the mother?

A

mother is Rh- and baby is Rh+

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18
Q

the common blood type that contains both A and B agglutinogens is…

A

AB

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19
Q

plasma is mainly composed of…

A

water, plasma proteins, and solutes

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20
Q

how do white blood cells differ from red blood cells?

A

WBCs contain a nucleus and functional organelles, WBCs have repair mechanisms to fix damages, WBCs can move in and out of the blood stream

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21
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone that increases red blood cell production

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22
Q

what percentage of the formed elements are RBCs?

A

99.9%

23
Q

the matrix of blood is called…

A

plasma

24
Q

blood is…

A

slightly alkaline

25
Q

embolus

A

blood clot that breaks loose and travels in the bloodstream

26
Q

role of platelets

A

blood clotting

27
Q

which blood types can a person with blood type O- receive?

A

O-

28
Q

agglutination

A

process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump

29
Q

thrombus

A

attached blood clot inside a blood vessel

30
Q

vascular

A

hemostasis phase that results in smooth muscle contraction to limit blood loss

31
Q

role of platelets

A

blood clotting

32
Q

cells responsible for carrying O2

A

erythrocytes

33
Q

the process of stopping bleeding

A

hemostasis

34
Q

white blood cells that produce antibodies

A

lymphocytes

35
Q

which organ would most often be affected by a transfusion reaction

A

kidneys

36
Q

what insoluble molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation

A

fibrin

37
Q

these are in the category of granulocytes

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

38
Q

why might thrombocytes not be considered human cells?

A

no nucleus

39
Q

protein responsible for carrying oxygen

A

hemoglobin

40
Q

what is hematocrit

A

percentage of red blood cells in whole blood

41
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone that increases red blood cell production

42
Q

a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume

A

anemia

43
Q

what kind of tissue is blood

A

connective

44
Q

what formed element is the most abundant in blood

A

erythrocytes

45
Q

agranulocytes

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

46
Q

what do eosinophils help with

A

attacks parasites

47
Q

thrombocytes

A

technica name for platelets; important in clotting

48
Q

what hemostasis phase results in aggregation and the formation of a plug in the breakage area of a blood vessel

A

platelet

49
Q

what type of cell is found in bone marrow to stimulate formed element production

A

hemocytoblasts

50
Q

process of creating new blood cells

A

hematopoiesis

51
Q

where are the RBC “graveyards” that destroy them

A

spleen and liver

52
Q

functions of platelets

A
  1. release important clotting chemicals
  2. temporarily patch damaged vessel walls
  3. reduce size of break in vessel wall
53
Q

phases of hemostasis

A
  1. vascular phase
  2. platelet phase
  3. coagulation phase
54
Q
A

Anatomy Sem 2 (11 decks)

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