Chapter 18: Blood Test

Question 1

leukemia

Answer 1

over 100,000/uL WBC count

Question 2

platelets

Answer 2

cell fragments that form from the rupture of a megakaryocyte

Question 3

antigens

Answer 3

substances that the body recognizes as foreign

Question 4

what occurs in hemophilia?

Answer 4

a hereditary disease where blood does not coagulate to stop bleeding due to missing proteins

Question 5

agglutination

Answer 5

the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump

Question 6

type B blood has

Answer 6

b agglutinogens, a agglutinins

Question 7

which hemostasis phase results in aggregation and the formation of a plug in the breakage area of a blood vessel?

Answer 7

platelet

Question 8

normal blood pH falls in a range between _____ to ______

Answer 8

7.35-7.45

Question 9

the average functional lifespan of an RBC is…

Answer 9

120 days

Question 10

type AB blood has…

Answer 10

A and B antigens, no antibodies

Question 11

what determines whether someone is labeled “+” or “-“

Answer 11

whether or not they have the Rh/D antigen

Question 12

hemostasis

Answer 12

the process by which bleeding is stopped

Question 13

agranulocytes

Answer 13

lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 14

what is hematocrit

Answer 14

percentage of red blood cells in whole blood

Question 15

protein responsible for carrying oxygen

Answer 15

hemoglobin

Question 16

albumins

Answer 16

numerous plasma protein that deals with water balance and transportation of thyroid hormones in the blood stream

Question 17

which of the following scenarios would result in erythroblastosis fetalis, or at the very least sensitizing the mother?

Answer 17

mother is Rh- and baby is Rh+

Question 18

the common blood type that contains both A and B agglutinogens is…

Answer 18

AB

Question 19

plasma is mainly composed of…

Answer 19

water, plasma proteins, and solutes

Question 20

how do white blood cells differ from red blood cells?

Answer 20

WBCs contain a nucleus and functional organelles, WBCs have repair mechanisms to fix damages, WBCs can move in and out of the blood stream

Question 21

erythropoietin

Answer 21

hormone that increases red blood cell production

Question 22

what percentage of the formed elements are RBCs?

Answer 22

99.9%

Question 23

the matrix of blood is called…

Answer 23

plasma

Question 24

blood is…

Answer 24

slightly alkaline

Question 25

embolus

Answer 25

blood clot that breaks loose and travels in the bloodstream

Question 26

role of platelets

Answer 26

blood clotting

Question 27

which blood types can a person with blood type O- receive?

Answer 27

O-

Question 28

agglutination

Answer 28

process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump

Question 29

thrombus

Answer 29

attached blood clot inside a blood vessel

Question 30

vascular

Answer 30

hemostasis phase that results in smooth muscle contraction to limit blood loss

Question 31

role of platelets

Answer 31

blood clotting

Question 32

cells responsible for carrying O2

Answer 32

erythrocytes

Question 33

the process of stopping bleeding

Answer 33

hemostasis

Question 34

white blood cells that produce antibodies

Answer 34

lymphocytes

Question 35

which organ would most often be affected by a transfusion reaction

Answer 35

kidneys

Question 36

what insoluble molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation

Answer 36

fibrin

Question 37

these are in the category of granulocytes

Answer 37

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Question 38

why might thrombocytes not be considered human cells?

Answer 38

no nucleus

Question 39

protein responsible for carrying oxygen

Answer 39

hemoglobin

Question 40

what is hematocrit

Answer 40

percentage of red blood cells in whole blood

Question 41

erythropoietin

Answer 41

hormone that increases red blood cell production

Question 42

a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume

Answer 42

anemia

Question 43

what kind of tissue is blood

Answer 43

connective

Question 44

what formed element is the most abundant in blood

Answer 44

erythrocytes

Question 45

agranulocytes

Answer 45

lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 46

what do eosinophils help with

Answer 46

attacks parasites

Question 47

thrombocytes

Answer 47

technica name for platelets; important in clotting

Question 48

what hemostasis phase results in aggregation and the formation of a plug in the breakage area of a blood vessel

Answer 48

platelet

Question 49

what type of cell is found in bone marrow to stimulate formed element production

Answer 49

hemocytoblasts

Question 50

process of creating new blood cells

Answer 50

hematopoiesis

Question 51

where are the RBC "graveyards" that destroy them

Answer 51

spleen and liver

Question 52

functions of platelets

Answer 52

1. release important clotting chemicals 2. temporarily patch damaged vessel walls 3. reduce size of break in vessel wall

Question 53

phases of hemostasis

Answer 53

1. vascular phase 2. platelet phase 3. coagulation phase