Chapter 18: Blood Test Flashcards
leukemia
over 100,000/uL WBC count
platelets
cell fragments that form from the rupture of a megakaryocyte
antigens
substances that the body recognizes as foreign
what occurs in hemophilia?
a hereditary disease where blood does not coagulate to stop bleeding due to missing proteins
agglutination
the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump
type B blood has
b agglutinogens, a agglutinins
which hemostasis phase results in aggregation and the formation of a plug in the breakage area of a blood vessel?
platelet
normal blood pH falls in a range between _____ to ______
7.35-7.45
the average functional lifespan of an RBC is…
120 days
type AB blood has…
A and B antigens, no antibodies
what determines whether someone is labeled “+” or “-“
whether or not they have the Rh/D antigen
hemostasis
the process by which bleeding is stopped
agranulocytes
lymphocytes and monocytes
what is hematocrit
percentage of red blood cells in whole blood
protein responsible for carrying oxygen
hemoglobin
albumins
numerous plasma protein that deals with water balance and transportation of thyroid hormones in the blood stream
which of the following scenarios would result in erythroblastosis fetalis, or at the very least sensitizing the mother?
mother is Rh- and baby is Rh+
the common blood type that contains both A and B agglutinogens is…
AB
plasma is mainly composed of…
water, plasma proteins, and solutes
how do white blood cells differ from red blood cells?
WBCs contain a nucleus and functional organelles, WBCs have repair mechanisms to fix damages, WBCs can move in and out of the blood stream
erythropoietin
hormone that increases red blood cell production
what percentage of the formed elements are RBCs?
99.9%
the matrix of blood is called…
plasma
blood is…
slightly alkaline
embolus
blood clot that breaks loose and travels in the bloodstream
role of platelets
blood clotting
which blood types can a person with blood type O- receive?
O-
agglutination
process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump
thrombus
attached blood clot inside a blood vessel
vascular
hemostasis phase that results in smooth muscle contraction to limit blood loss
role of platelets
blood clotting
cells responsible for carrying O2
erythrocytes
the process of stopping bleeding
hemostasis
white blood cells that produce antibodies
lymphocytes
which organ would most often be affected by a transfusion reaction
kidneys
what insoluble molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation
fibrin
these are in the category of granulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
why might thrombocytes not be considered human cells?
no nucleus
protein responsible for carrying oxygen
hemoglobin
what is hematocrit
percentage of red blood cells in whole blood
erythropoietin
hormone that increases red blood cell production
a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume
anemia
what kind of tissue is blood
connective
what formed element is the most abundant in blood
erythrocytes
agranulocytes
lymphocytes and monocytes
what do eosinophils help with
attacks parasites
thrombocytes
technica name for platelets; important in clotting
what hemostasis phase results in aggregation and the formation of a plug in the breakage area of a blood vessel
platelet
what type of cell is found in bone marrow to stimulate formed element production
hemocytoblasts
process of creating new blood cells
hematopoiesis
where are the RBC “graveyards” that destroy them
spleen and liver
functions of platelets
- release important clotting chemicals
- temporarily patch damaged vessel walls
- reduce size of break in vessel wall
phases of hemostasis
- vascular phase
- platelet phase
- coagulation phase
