Ch. 13-14 Vocab 2

Question 1

diencephalon

Answer 1

region of the brain that retains its name from embryonic development and includes the thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 2

thalamus

Answer 2

major region of the diencephalon responsible for relaying information between the cerebrum and the hindbrain, spinal cord, and periphery

Question 3

hypothalamus

Answer 3

major region of the diencephalon responsible for coordinating autonomic and endocrine control of homeostasis

Question 4

brain stem

Answer 4

region of the brain that includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata and develops from the mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon of the embryonic brain

Question 5

midbrain

Answer 5

middle region of the brain that develops from the mesencephalon

Question 6

pons

Answer 6

mass of transverse nerve fibers that connect the medulla with the cerebellum
-point of origin for four of the cranial nerves that transfer sensory information and motor impulses to and from the facial region and the brain

Question 7

medulla oblongata

Answer 7

connection between the brainstem and the spinal cord, carrying multiple important functional centers
- bottom-most part of brain
- key conduit for nerve signals to and from the body
- maintains homeostasis

Question 8

ventricle

Answer 8

remnants of the hollow center of the neural tube that are spaces for cerebrospinal fluid to circulate through the brain

Question 9

choroid plexus

Answer 9

specialized structures containing ependymal cells lining blood capillaries that filter blood to produce CSF in the four ventricles of the brain

Question 10

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Answer 10

blockage of blood flow to the brain
- a stroke

Question 11

blood-brain barrier

Answer 11

physiological barrier between the circulatory system and the central nervous system that establishes a privileged blood supply, restricting the flow of substances into the CNS

Question 12

limbic system

Answer 12

structures at the edge (limit) of the boundary between the forebrain and hindbrain that are most associated with emotional behavior and memory formation

Question 13

basal nuclei

Answer 13

nuclei of the cerebrum that are responsible for assessing cortical movement commands and comparing them with the general state of the individual through broad modulatory activity of dopamine neurons
- largely related to motor functions –> symptoms of Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease

Question 14

primary motor cortex

Answer 14

responsible for processing somatic sensations and controlling the voluntary movements of the body
- controls muscle movement

Question 15

primary sensory cortex

Answer 15

region of the cerebral cortex that initially receives sensory input from an ascending pathway from the thalamus and begins the processing that will result in conscious perception of that modality

Question 16

olfactory cortex

Answer 16

portion of cerebral cortex concerned with sense of smell
- part of cerebrum

Question 17

gustatory cortex

Answer 17

region of cerebral cortex responsible for the perception of taste and flavor
- sense of taste

Question 18

broca’s area

Answer 18

region of the frontal love associated with the motor commands necessary for speech production