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Anatomy Sem 2 > Chapter 12 Gimkit > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Gimkit Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following provides myelin for axons in the CNS?
- oligodendrocytes
- schwann cells
- microglia
- astrocytes

A

oligodendrocytes

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2
Q

What stage in an action potential immediately follows depolarization

A

repolarization

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3
Q

Bundles of unmyelinated axons, dendrites, and neuron cell bodies are called…

A

gray matter

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4
Q

the brain and spinal cord make up the

A

Central Nervous System

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5
Q

this determines the main effect of a neurotransmitter

A

which receptor and protein channel it attaches to

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6
Q

CNS neuroglia that make myelin sheaths

A

oligodendrocytes

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7
Q

what is the result of excitatory neurotransmission everytime on the postsynaptic membrane?

A

depolarization

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8
Q

PNS neuroglia that make myelin sheaths

A

schwann cells

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9
Q

CNS neuroglia that are phagocytic and protect neurons

A

microglia

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10
Q

the speed of nerve impulse conduction is determined by all of the following EXCEPT
- diameter of the axon
- stimulus strength
- presence of myelin
- absence of myeline

A

stimulus strength

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11
Q

processes that carry impulses to another neuron are

A

axons

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12
Q

neurotransmitters are released from axon terminals by this

A

exocytosis

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13
Q

processes that receive impulses and conduct them toward the cell body are

A

dendrites

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14
Q

conducts impulses from receptors to the CNS

A

sensory neuron

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15
Q

term used to describe a collection of unmyelinated fibers

A

gray matter

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16
Q

an action potential opens these

A

voltage-gated channels

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17
Q

the _____ nervous system contains all the voluntary and involuntary motor neurons going to skeletal muscle

A

somatic

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18
Q

this is the gap between an axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another

A

synaptic cleft

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19
Q

the neuroglial cell involved in the blood brain barrier

A

astrocyte

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20
Q

transmit impulses toward the CNS

A

afferent

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21
Q

this structure restores ions to correct side of membrane while at rest so depolarization can occur

A

sodium-potassium pump

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22
Q

structural classification of neuron with one dendrite and one axon with the soma in between

A

bipolar

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23
Q

this part of the nervous system has effectors in glands, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle

A

autonomic nervous system

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24
Q

functional neurons where integration of information occurs

A

interneurons

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25
Q

which of the following cells does NOT functionally belong with the others?
- sensory neurons
- interneurons
- motor neurons
- oligodendrocytes

A

oligodendrocytes

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26
Q

this part of the nervous system controls the release of adrenaline, increase in muscle strength, and increases in respiration and heart rate

A

sympathetic division

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27
Q

resting membrane potential

A

-70 mV

28
Q

the membrane returns to resting potential because this ion flows out of the cell

A

potassium

29
Q

which of the following is an action controlled by the somatic nervous system?
- fighting bacteria
- digesting
- walking
- sleeping

A

walking

30
Q

to generate action potential, this must be reached

A

threshold

31
Q

chemical synapses work by releasing these

A

neurotransmitters

32
Q

these functionally are between sensory neurons and motor neurons

A

interneurons

33
Q

structual type of most motor neurons

A

multipolar

34
Q

dense collection of myelinated processes in the CNS

A

white matter

35
Q

neurotransmitter that helps in attention, mood, and appetite

A

serotonin

36
Q

groups of neuron cell bodies from unipolar neurons in the peripheral nervous system are called

A

ganglia

37
Q

which neuroglial cell lines the brain and spinal cord cavities to move and secrete cerebrospinal fluid

A

ependymal cells

38
Q

cocaine has an impact on this neurotransmitter

A

dopamine

39
Q

the neuroglia that produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system

A

schwann cells

40
Q

depolarization of a membrane begins with

A

opening of the sodium channels

41
Q

hyperpolarization charge

A

-90 mV

42
Q

threshold

A

-55 mV

43
Q

structural type of most motor neurons

A

multipolar

44
Q

which of the following is an action controlled by somatic nervous system?

A

walking

45
Q

neurotransmitter that helps in attention, mood, and appetite

A

serotonin

46
Q

neurons with a lot of dendrites and one axon

A

multipolar

47
Q

the _____ nervous system contains all the voluntary and involuntary motor neurons going to skeletal muscle

A

somatic

48
Q

this determines the main effect of a neurotransmitter

A

which receptor and protein channel it attaches to

49
Q

which of the following provides myelin for axons in the CNS?

A

oligodendrocytes

50
Q

these functionally are between sensory neurons and motor neurons

A

interneurons

51
Q

neurotransmitters are released from the

A

axon terminal

52
Q

neurons that conduct nerve impulses from the receptors to the Central Nervous System are

A

sensory neurons

53
Q

ion location when a neuron is polarized

A

the sodium is outside and the potassium is inside the membrane

54
Q

this structure restores ions to correct side of membrane while at rest so depolarization can occur

A

sodium-potassium pump

55
Q

the neurotransmitter that acts at the neuromuscular junction

A

acetylcholine

56
Q

neuroglial cell that produces cerebrospinal fluid

A

ependymal cell

57
Q

an action potential opens these

A

voltage-gated channels

58
Q

term used to describe a collection of unmyelinated fibers

A

gray matter

59
Q

what is the result of inhibitory neurotransmission on the postsynaptic membrane?

A

hyperpolarization

60
Q

CNS neuroglia that make myelin sheaths

A

oligodendrocytes

61
Q

for depolarization to occur, this ion flows into the cell

A

sodium

62
Q

what occurs when calcium ions flow/diffuse into the axon terminal?

A

synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitters via exocytosis

63
Q

these would be found where saltatory conduction occurs

A

nodes of Ranvier

64
Q

hyperpolarization charge

A

-90 mV

65
Q

ther period of time during which the neuron cannot generate another action potential is called

A

absolute refractory period

66
Q

resting membrane potential

A

-70 mV

Anatomy Sem 2 (11 decks)

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