Chapter 18 - Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards
the adrenergic antagonists can be neatly divided into two major groups
- alpha-adrenergic blocking agents
2. beta-adrenergic blocking agents
Alpha antagonists lower blood pressure by causing vasodilation by blocking ____ receptors on arterioles and veins
alpha 1
In response to venous ______, return of blood to the heart decreases, thereby decreasing cardiac output, which in turn _____ arterial pressure.
dilation ; reduces
Overdose with an alpha-adrenergic agonist (eg, epinephrine) can produce _____
hypertension. It is caused by excessive activation of alpha 1 receptors on blood vessles
How do you reverse high blood pressure from overdose of an alpha-adrenergic agonist?
use an alpha-blocking agent
If an IV line containing an alpha agonist becomes extravasated, necrosis can occur secondary to _____
intense local vasoconstriction
What drug can be given to block vasoconstriction from infiltration?
phentolamine (aphpa-adrenergic antagonist)
______ results from proliferation of cells in the prostate gland
BPH
Symptoms of BPH can be controlled with drugs that block ______
alpha 1 receptors (causes reduced contraction of smooth muscles in the prostatic capsule and bladder neck.
Pheochromocytoma?
catecholamine-secreting tumor derived from cells of the sympathetic nervous system. (usually in adrenal medulla)
The principal cause of hypertension is activation of _____ receptors on blood vessels, although activation of beta1 receptors on the heart can also contribute
alpha 1
________ disease is a peripheral vascular disorder characterized by vasospasm in the toes and fingers.
Raynaud’s
_____ blockers can supress symptoms by preventing alpha-mediated vasoconstriction
alpha
The most significant adverse effects of the alpha-adrenergic antagonists result from blockade of
alpha 1 receptors
______ is the most serious adverse response to alpha-adrenergic blockade
orthostatic hypotension
