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Chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

A country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation

A

Satellite nation

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2
Q

The blocking of another nations attempts to spread its influence; especially the effort of the United States to block the spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940s and early 1950s. A policy of acting to prevent the spread of communism to new countries excepting communist government where they were already established.

A

Containment

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3
Q

A phrase used by Winston Churchhill describe an imaginary line is separated communist countries in the Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe

A

Iron Curtain

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4
Q

The state of hostility, without direct military conflict, the developer to be in the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II

A

Cold War

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5
Q

A US policy announced by President Truman in 1947 providing economic and military aid to free nation star and by internal or Extertal opponents

A

Truman doctrine

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6
Q

The program for goodbye Secretary of State George Marshall Underwood’s United States of light economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after World War II

A

Marshall plan

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7
Q

A 327 day operation in which the US and British planes flew flood and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948

A

Berlin airlift

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8
Q

A defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European countries, the United States and Canada

A

North Atlantic Treaty organization

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9
Q

Leader of the Nationalist Government in China

A

Chiang- Kai- Shek

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10
Q

Leader of the communist country, China Relied heavily on eggs in the Soviet union

A

Mao Zedong

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11
Q

In May 1949 Chiang and the remnants of his Nationalist Government fled to here

A

Taiwan

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12
Q

The line dividing Korea into two countries North Korea and South Korea

A

38th parallel

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13
Q

Conflict between North Korea and South Korea lasting from 1950 to 1953, in which the United States along with other UN countries fought on the side of South Koreans in China front on the side of the North Koreans with help from Russia

A

Korean War

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14
Q

Who were part of the big three?

A

Great Britain, Soviet union, United States

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15
Q

Where did the big three meet at the final more time conference

A

Potsdam near Berlin

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16
Q

What promise did Stalin break

A

That he would allow free elections

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17
Q

In order for American trade to grow they wanted access to raw materials where

A

Eastern Europe

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18
Q

Where did the Soviets want to invade

A

Eastern Europe

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19
Q

What did the Soviets feel they can stop if they invaded

A

Invasions from the west

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20
Q

What countries did Stalin make communist

A

Albania, Bulgaria,Czechoslovakia Hungary, Romania and Poland

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21
Q

What do these new communist countries become known as

A

Satellite nations

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22
Q

What led to the Cold War

A

The conflicting US and Soviet Aims in Eastern Europe

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23
Q

What would the Cold War dominate

A

Global affairs and US foreign-policy’s

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24
Q

Where did the US first try to contain Soviet influence

A

Greece and turkey

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25
What was the Truman aid for
Military aid for Greece and Turkey
26
What began the Berlin airlift
The closing of all travelways so that the Soviet union to be blocked from using those paths
27
Who flew the goods for the Berlin
American and British officials
28
What did the NATO pledge
Military support to one another in case any member was attacked
29
Who did America support
Chiang Kai Shek
30
Why did America support this Chinese communist
He was a nationalist
31
What was Taiwan also called
Furmosa
32
America was shocked that China became…
Communist
33
Leader of South Korea
Syngman Rhee
34
Leader of South Korea
Kim II Sung
35
South Korea troops and United States troops replaced under the command of who
General Douglas MacArthur
36
Why was my MacArthurs plan bad
He ended up being surrounded
37
China's communist Foreign Minister
Zhou En-Lai
38
What city did the Chinese capture in South Korea
Seoul
39
Who took over for General MacArthur
Matthew Ridgeway
40
Truman fired what hero?
Douglas MacArthur
41
And international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development
United Nations
42
The Soviet denomination of ____________ ________________ and communist takeover of China shocked the American public that _______________ would spread around the world.
Eastern Europe/ communism
43
How many Americans became communist?
100,000
44
It's purpose was to investigate government employees and use dismiss those who are found to be disloyal to the US.
Federal employee loyalty program
45
Made headlines in 1947 when it began to investigate communist influence in the movie industry. The committee believe the Communists were sneaking propaganda into the films.The committee pointed to the pro Soviet Sams me during World War II when the Soviet union had been an ally of the US.
House un-American activities committee
46
10 unfriendly witnesses that were called to testify about the movies, but refused. They decided not to cooperate because they believe that the hearings were unconstitutional. They were sent to prison
Hollywood 10
47
List of the people whom they condemned for having a communist back around
Blacklist
48
How many actors, writers, producers, directors were blacklisted?
5 Hundred
49
Bill that congress passed that made it unlawful to plan any action that might lead to the establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship in the United States
McCarren internal security act
50
Did Truman agree with this new security act?
No he vetoed it
51
Man who is accused by former communist spy Whittaker Chambers On spying for the Soviet union
Algar Hiss
52
Who gained fame for pursuing the charge against Hiss?
Richard Nixon
53
What was the United States shocked at the Soviet union dropped
Atomic bomb
54
How did the United States members think they learned to make the bomb
From American who leaked the secret
55
German born physicist that minute getting the Soviet union information about Americans atomic bomb
Klaus Fuchs
56
These women were implicated in the Fuchs case. They were minor activists in the American Communist Party
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
57
What was the ruling of the Rosenbergs?
They were found guilty of espionage and sentenced to death
58
The most famous anti-Communist activist. Was a senator and Republican in Wisconsin
Joseph McCarthy
59
What did McCarthy charge
The Communists were taking over the government
60
Attacks on suspected communist in the early 1950s became known as what?
McCarthyism
61
At this point McCarthyism has referred to the tactic of what?
Accusing people of disloyalty without proving evidence
62
In 1954 McCarthy made accusations against who, which resulted in a nationally televised senate investigation
The US Army
63
How did Joseph McCarthy later die?
From alcoholism
64
By 1953 39 states have passed laws making it illegal to do what?
Advocate the violent overthrow of the government government
65
During which presidency did the arms race begin
Trumans
66
Who was the arms race between
Soviet union and the US
67
What was the next powerful bomb after the atomic bomb
Hydrogen bomb
68
Who won the arms race on November 1, 1952
United States
69
Who was president when both countries had the hydrogen bomb
Dwight D. Eisenhower
70
Who is Eisenhowers Secretary of State
John Foster Dulles
71
What was John Foster Dulles?
Anti-Communist
72
How did Dulles propose that the United States could prevent the spread of communism
By promising to use all of its for us including nuclear weapons
73
The willingness of the United States under President Eisenhower to go to the edge of all out war. Under this policy of the United States trimmed it's Army and Navy and expanded its Air Force and it's build up of nuclear weapons
Brinkmanship
74
As an Asian shifted to the dependence on nuclear arms, the Eisenhower administration began to rely heavily on the recently formed, what, for info?
Central intelligence agency
75
This you spicy gather information abroad they also began to carry out covered or secret operations to weaken or overthrow governments unfriendly to the United States
CIA
76
Where did the first CIA covert action takes place
The middle east
77
Specifically what two places did the CIA go after
Iran and Guatemala
78
This was created because of NATO, and it was their way of forming their own military alliance
Warsaw Pact
79
In Geneva Switzerland what did Eisenhower put forth.
An "open skies" proposal
80
What did the open skies proposal allow
Flights over each other's territory to guard against surprise nuclear attacks
81
Same here the Geneva Summit Took Pl., Great Britain and the United States agreed to help what country
Egypt
82
Why did Great Britain and the United States want to help Egypt
To finance construction of a damn Aswan on the Nile River
83
Who refused to it ships bound for Israel pass the canal
Nassar
84
To counterbalance the development of the Soviet unions prestige in the Middle East President Eisenhower issued a warning in January 1957 known as what?
Eisenhower doctrine
85
What did the Eisenhower doctrine say
That the United States would defend the middle east against any attacked by any communist country
86
A revolt began where?
Hungary
87
Most popular in liberal Hungary in communist leader that formed a new government. You promised free elections, denounce the Warsaw Pact, and demand that al Soviet Troops leave Hungary
Imre Nagy
88
What happened during the Hungarian uprising
Hungarians threw up barricades in the streets and for the invaders to no avail
89
What was the outcome of the Hungarian uprising?
Nagy himself was executed
90
Where did the American policy of containment not extend into
Soviet union out of it satellites
91
The next leader of the Soviet Union
Nikita Khrushchev
92
What did Khrushchev believe?
That communism would take over the world but he also believed that it could be triumphed peacefully
93
What was the next race that became popular
Space race
94
World's first artificial satellite
Sputnik
95
What plane was used for these secret missions since the open skies proposal was shut down
U-2
96
What was special about these planes
It had infrared cameras that took detailed photographs of troop movement and missile sites
97
Pilot of these secret planes
Francis Gary Powers
98
How many years was Powers sent to you in jail
10
99
The time when Soviet union strike down the secret planes
U-2 incident
100
President of Egypt
Nassar
101
Leader of Hungary
Imre Hagy

History (12 decks)

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