Chapter 10 Flashcards
1
Q
Who did America join with to become imperialists with?
A
Europe
2
Q
What countries were fought for by imperialists?
A
Asia and China
3
Q
What factors fueled American imperialism?
A
Desire for military strength
Thirst for new markets
Cultural superiority
4
Q
Who was put in charge of getting Americans strong to fight?
A
Alfred T. Mahan
5
Q
An early supporter of American expansion, was Secretary of State under Abe Lincoln and Andrew Johnson
A
Williams Seward
6
Q
Who convinced the U.S. to buy Alaska for 7.2 million dollars
A
William Seward
7
Q
What was Alaska known for, or the wanting of America to buy Alaska?
A
Seward’s Ice box
Seward’s folly
8
Q
Who was the Hawaiian islands important to?
A
Sugar planters, schools, and churches
9
Q
What was the base called that was created in Hawaii, used as a refueling station for American Ships?
A
Pearl Harbor
10
Q
What was the queens name that got thrown out of office?
A
Queen Liliuokalani
11
Q
What president though tit was right if the queen got her seat in office back?
A
President Cleveland
12
Q
Who was put into control after the queen was kicked out of office?
A
Sanford B. Dole
13
Q
When did Hawaii become a state?
A
In 1959
14
Q
What did Cubans force Spain to do?
A
Abolish slavery
15
Q
Who was destroying American land, and was a revolver?
A
Jose Marti
16
Q
Who was sent to Cuba to restore order?
A
Valeriano Weyler
17
Q
What did Valeriano Weyler do to the Cubans?
A
Put them in concentration camps so that they could not retaliate and fight back
18
Q
How many died in the concentration camps and what wa stage main causes of death?
A
200,000 and hunger and diseases
19
Q
Who were the two main yellow journalists during this time?
A
William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer
20
Q
A sensational style of writing which exaggerates the news to lure and enrage readers
A
Yellow journalism
21
Q
What artist was sent by Hearst and Pulitzer to draw maps and diagrams for stories?
A
Frederic Remington
22
Q
What president did not support the war between the U.S. and the Spanish?
A
McKinley
23
Q
When general Weyler came back to fix the concentration camp problems, what did he give the Cubans?
A
Limited self government
24
Q
What journal leaked the insults about President McKinley?
A
New York journal
25
What was the letter called that criticized president McKinley?
The de lome letter
26
What shop did McKinley order to go to Cuba?
U.S.S Maine
27
Where did the U.S.S Maine shop blow up?
Havana, Cuba
28
Where did the first battle of the Spanish American war take place?
The Philippine island
29
Who did Americans join forces with?
The Filipinos
30
Who led the mixed group of joined forces?
Emilio Aguinaldo
31
Who won the victory at Manila?
The United States
32
125,000 more men came to join the American forces, but what was the problem?
There wasn't enough supplies and were given clothing for the wrong climate
33
A volunteer Calvary udder the command of Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt
Rough riders
34
Where was the second battle of the war?
San Juan hill
35
Who did newspapers claim was the hero of San Juan Hill?
Teddy Roosevelt
36
What did the U.S. and Spain sign that needed the war?
A cease fire agreement
37
Separation from political affairs of other counties
Isolationism
38
What country did Spain give Cuba?
Guam and Puerto Rico
39
What country was the U.S. Given from Spain?
The Philippines
40
What did Spain violate of the Americans?
The Monroe Doctrine
41
1823 President Monroe declared the US will stay out of European affairs but they must not take colonies in our hemisphere.
The Monroe doctrine
42
Taking control over another nation
Imperialism
43
What was a goal of America's empire builders?
The annexation or Hawaii
44
What were Puerto Ricans afraid the U.S. would not give them, like they had while they were under Spanish rule?
Self- rule
45
Who was the most vocal advocate of self rule?
Luis Munoz Rivera
46
What did Americans do after Munoz died?
Made Puerto Ricans citizens
47
What were the things that Puerto Rico wanted?
Self government
Statehood
American territory
48
U.S. Forces under who, took charge of Puerto Rico?
Nelson A. Miles
49
What did general Miles tell the Puerto Ricans?
That they were going to be given protection, and property
50
Who controlled Puerto Rico until congress took over?
U.S. Military
51
Why was Puerto Rico important to the U.S.?
It maintained a presence in the Caribbean and for building future canals
52
Ended military rule and set up a civil government
The Foraker's act
53
What did the Foraker's act allow the U.S. To do?
Appoint government officials
54
Who could vote for the government officials, in light of the Foraker's act?
People in the lower legislature house
55
What stated that the Supreme Court said that the constitution didn't apply to acquired territories
The insuler cases
56
What did the insuler cases allow the Puerto Ricans to do?
To extend their citizenship and to elect the house of legislation
57
When war began, who recognized Cuba's independence firm Spain?
The U.S.
58
Stated that the U.S. Had no intention in taking over any part of China
The teller amendment
59
What treaty guaranteed Cuba's independence?
The treaty of Paris
60
Who occupied Cuba after the war?
America
61
Who feared that the U.S. Would replace Spain and dominate Cuban politics?
Jose Marti
62
What did Cubans protest about, which led to them being out in jail, or exiled?
The same officials that served Spain getting to stay in office
63
What did the American government do to help?
Supplied food, clothing, helped farmers get back to cultivation , get schools running, and eliminating yellow fever
64
What amendment was added because the constitution never stated the relationship between the U.S. And Cuba?
The platt amendment
65
Stated:
- Cuba couldn't make treaties that could limit their independence or permit a foreign power to control its territory
- The U.S. reserved the ought to intervene in Cuba
- Cuba couldn't go into debt if it couldn't be repayed
- the U.S. could buy or lease land for naval and refueling stations
The platt amendment
66
The U.S. Wouldn't leave Cuba until they adopted what?
The platt amendment
67
Where did platt amendment protestors March?
On governor Leonard Wood's home
68
How long was the platt amendment in place before Cuba became a U.S. Protectorate?
31 years
69
A country who affairs are partially controlled by another power
Protectorate
70
Why was it important for the U.S. To keep a strong political presence?
So that businesses invested in sugar, tobacco, minding, railroads, and utilities were protected
71
What did the U.S. Push for?
Control of Latin American neighbors
72
Who were outraged by the treaty?
The Filipinos
73
Who fought for freedom from the U.S.?
Emilio Aguinaldo
74
What did Aguinaldo begin doing that made the U.S. send them into designated zones?
Used guerrilla tactics
75
What happened in the designated zones?
Thousands died due to starvation and diseases
76
Most of the U.S. Army was made of blacks. What happened when newspapers began to question why they were he,ping to spread racial prejudiceness to the Phillipines?
The blacks took sides with the Filipinos
77
How much did the war cost America?
20 percent more than the islands
78
What kind of government did the U.S. Set up for the Phillipines?
One similar to puerto Ricos
79
What were the rules to the government that the U.S. Set up?
- the U.S. President would appoint the governor
- the governor would then appoint the upper house of legislature
- Filipinos would elect the lower house
80
When did the Phillipines become its own independent republic?
July 4, 1946
81
What counties did the U.S. See the Phillipines as a gateway to?
Asia and China
82
What countries claimed rights and privileges to China?
France, Britain Germany, Japan, and Russia
83
Who create open door notes?
John Hay
84
Letters addressed to the imperialist nation leaders, proposing that the nations share trading rights with the U.S.- opening a door for them
Open door notes
85
Who had most of China's big cities?
Europeans
86
What did China form to get rid of foreign Devils?
Secret societies
87
Most famous secret society
The boxers
88
Who did the boxers kill?
Converts to Christianity, and foreigners
89
Why did John hay issue another set of open door notes?
To prevent Europeans taking control of China
90
Stated that there would be safeguards for the world principle of equal and impartial trade with all the parts of the Chinese empire
Second set of open door notes
91
What did America believe the growth of the economy depended on?
Exports
92
The fear of what threatened U.S. Survival
The closing of American products, citizens, or ideas
93
Under McKinley, what was gained?
An empire
94
An anti imperialists league came upon including who?
Grover Cleveland, Andrew Carnegie, John Addams, and writers
95
Thought it was wrong to control people without their consent
Anti imperialists
96
When teddy Roosevelt was president, who continued to exert its power around the globe?
Woodrow Wilson
97
Most important person while building the Panama Canal:
Joseph Bucklin
98
Policy advisor to the canals chief engineer
Joseph's Bucklin
99
The canal showed what about America?
They wouldn't let any obstacle stop them
100
Teddy Roosevelt didn't want to allow what?
The imperial powers of Europe take control of the worlds political and economic destiny
101
Who mediated a settle in a war between Russia and Asia?
Roosevelt
102
A sudden attacking the Russian Pacific fleet
Russo-Japanese war
103
Japan won a lot of battles, which led to the, securing what countries?
Korea and Manchuria
104
Japan rsn out of men, so they talked to Roosevelt to do what?
Mediate peace negotiations
105
Where did Japan and Russia reconvene?
Portsmouth, New Hampshire
106
Russia let Japan take over what countries?
Korea and Manchuria
107
What did Roosevelt win in 1906?
The Nobel peace prize
108
Benefits to a canal:
Reducing travel time for military and commercial ships
109
Who shared the canals with the U.S?
Britain
110
When Britain gave the U.S. Rights to build and control a canal though Central America
Hay- Pauncefote treaty
111
Possible canal routes
Through Nicaragua
| Through panama
112
Who was sent to Washington to make the U.S. Buy their claim?
Phillipe Bunau- Varilla
113
What route was used for the canal?
The panama route
114
Who did the U.S. Need to get permission from to build the canal?
Colombia
115
Bnaua- Varilla organized what against Colombia?
Panamanian Rebellion
116
Panama and the U.S. Signed a treaty to ensure what?
That the U.S. Would pay 10 million dollars plus 250,000 dollars a year to use the area is land across panama
117
What did builders face?
Diseases and hard to remove soil
118
What is the first step to building the canal?
Clearing brush and draining swamps
119
What happened in 9 years?
There was more than 43,400 workers from Italy and Spain and 3/4 were black
120
How many workers died from accidents or disease?
5,600 plus
121
How much did the canal cost?
It cost the U.S. More than $380 million
122
How long did it take the canal to open?
After 10 years
123
How many ships passed by in the first year?
1,000
124
How were Latin American relations ruined?
Because of American support in the Rebellion of Panama.
125
How much did congress pay Columbia?
$25 million
126
How long did the ill last?
Decades
127
What brought the U.S. Further into Latin American affairs?
Financial factors.
128
What did many Latin American nations borrow to build railroads and make industries?
Huge amounts of money.
129
What was Roosevelt scared of?
If the nations defaulted their loans, then the Europeans might intervene. He wanted to make the U.S. the most predominant power in the Caribbean and central america.
130
What did Roosevelt remind the European powers of?
The Monroe Doctrine
131
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
It demanded that European countries stay out of the affairs of Latin American nations.
132
What did Roosevelt add to the Monroe doctrine?
The Roosevelt Corollary
133
What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
It warned that disorder in Latin America might force the U.S. To the exercise of International Power police.
134
What did the Corollary state?
That the U.S. Would now use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America.
135
When did the U.S. Exercise their police power?
When a 1911 rebellion left Nicaraugua near bankruptcy. President William Taft arranged for American bankers to loan them enough money for the debts.
The Americans were allowed to get the money back by collecting Nicaragua's custom duties.
U.S. Bankers gained control of Nicaragua's railroad system and National bank.
When citizens of Nicaragua found out they revolted against president Adolfo Díaz.
To keep a hold of the government, 2,000 marines were sent to Nicaragua.
The revolt was put down, but marine detachments stayed.
The Taft administration followed the policy of using the U.S. Govt to guarantee loans made to foreign countries by American business people
136
How were the Americans allowed to get the money back?
By collecting Nicaragua's custom duties.
137
What was the policy called?
The dollar diplomacy and was used to justify keeping European powers out of the Carribean
138
What did Woodrow Wilson do to the Monroe doctrine?
Gave it a moral tone
139
Has a moral responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American government that is viewed as oppressive, undemocratic, or hostile to they'd interests
Missionary Diplomacy
140
What pressured nations in the Western Hemisphere to create democratic governments?
Missionary Diplomacy
141
Who was Mexico ruled by?
Porfirio Díaz
142
Who owned a large share of oil, mines, wells, and ranches in Mexico?
America and foreigners
143
Who overthrew Díaz?
Mexican peasants and workers led by Francisco madero
144
What did madero promise?
Democracy tic reforms, but he was unable to do it
145
Who took over the government 2 years later?
Victoriano Huerta
146
Who thought Huerta should step down?
Argentina, Brazil, and Chile
147
When Huerta's regiment fell, who became president?
Venustiano Carranza
148
What did Wilson do when Caranza became president?
Removed troops and obeyed the new government
149
Carranza didn't have support of all he Mexicans, so who was against him?
Villa and Emiliano Zapata
150
What did Mexico's new government offer?
Gave them control of the nations oil and mineral resources and put strict regulations on foreign investors
151
Towards the end of the civil war, who was president?
Alvaro Obregon
152
What did Americans believe in?
Superiority of free enterprise democracy
153
Wha foreign policy goals did the U.S. Achieve?
- expanded access to foreign markets to sure the growth of domestic economy
- built a modern navy to protect its interest abroad
- exercised its international police power to ensure dominance in Latin America
154
General that was sent to Cuba to restore order
Valerieano Weyler
155
What did Valeriano do to restore order
He put people in concentration camps
156
What was Valeriano Weyler known as
The butcher
157
Gave the command to open fire on the Spanish fleet at Manila
George Dewey
158
The place that was strategically important for an infantry attack
San Juan Hill
159
What countries did the empire that the United States have include
The Philippines Puerto Rico and Guam
160
Ended Military rule and set up a civil government
Foraker act
161
A country fairs are partially controlled by a stronger power
Protectorate
162
A round that was put in place because he was felt that the state needed a canal cutting across Central America
Panama Canal
163
What was added to the Munro doctrine
Roosevelt corollary
164
Stated that the US would never use force to protect its economic interest in that in America
Roosevelt corollary
165
Used by critics and was also used to justify keeping European powers out of the Caribbean
Dollar diplomacy
166
Leader of an expedition Sherry force that 15,000 soldiers into Mexico that captured Villa dead or alive
John J Pershing
167
Rebel leaders that oppose Carranza's provisional government
Francisco Villa and Ameliana Zapata
168
What was John Pershing's nickname
Black jack Pershing
169
Spanish ambassador of the United States who named the de lome letters
Enrique Dupuy De lome
170
Countries taken from treaty of Paris
Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Phillipines
171
Where was the United States's first victor over the Spanish in the Spanish American war?
Manila bay
172
President that led the us to get rights from Panama to build a canal
Roosevelt
173
What country was Panama from?
Colombia
174
3 provisions of the treaty of Paris
- ended war with Spain
- Spain recognized Cubas independence
- the US acquired Philipines, Guam, and Puerto Rico
175
Countries taken from treaty of Paris
Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Phillipines
176
Where was the United States's first victor over the Spanish in the Spanish American war?
Manila bay
177
President that led the us to get rights from Panama to build a canal
Roosevelt
178
What country was Panama from?
Colombia
179
3 provisions of the treaty of Paris
- ended war with Spain
- Spain recognized Cubas independence
- the US acquired Philipines, Guam, and Puerto Rico
