Chapter 17 - Sociological Terms and Concepts Flashcards
What can society be defined as?
Society can be defined as a group of people who interact with each other and share a common purpose or way of life
What can be defined as a group of people who interact with each other and share a common purpose or way of life?
Society
What are social groups?
Subgroups of people within society who share a common purpose
What are subgroups of people within society who share a common purpose?
Social groups
What are the two types of social groups?
Primary social groups
Secondary social groups
What are primary social groups?
Small groups of people with permanent relationships and close personal ties
What are small groups of people with permanent relationships and close personal ties?
Primary social groups
What are some examples of primary social groups?
Family or close friends
Family and close friends are examples of what type of social group?
Primary social groups
What are secondary social groups?
A large group of people with less permanent relationships and impersonal ties
What are large groups of people with less permanent relationships and impersonal ties?
Secondary social groups
What are some examples of secondary social groups?
School community or work colleagues
School communities or work colleagues are examples of what type of social group?
Secondary social groups
What is kinship?
A blood relationship that exists between family members
What is a blood relationship that exists between family members called?
Kinship
What are norms?
The normal patterns of behaviour individuals are expected to follow within society
What are the normal patterns of behaviour individuals are expected to follow within society?
Norms
What is an example of norms?
Saying please and thank you
Saying please and thank you is an example of what?
Norms
What are values?
The attitudes and beliefs held by a society regarding what is right and wrong
These are reinforced by the laws of a country
What are the attitudes and beliefs held by a society regarding what is right and wrong which are reinforced by the laws of a country called?
Values
What are mores?
The norms, values and customs that are considered important by society
What are the norms, values and customs that are considered important by society called?
Mores
What is an example of mores?
Showing respect to elders
What is showing respect to elders an example of?
Mores
What is socialisation?
The process whereby an individual learns appropriate norms, values, behaviour and social skills in order to behave in a manner acceptable to society
What is the process whereby an individual learns appropriate norms, values, behaviour and social skills in order to behave in a manner acceptable to society called?
Socialisation
In what two ways is socialisation achieved?
Primary and secondary socialisation
What is primary socialisation?
Socialisation within the family
What is socialisation within the family called?
Primary socialisation
What is secondary socialisation?
Socialisation outside the family, e.g. school or work
What is socialisation outside the family, e.g. school or work called?
Secondary socialisation
What is culture?
The way of life of a society, which includes language, music, customs, norms, values and skills passed on form one generation to the next
What is the way of life of a society, which includes language, music, customs, norms, values and skills passed on form one generation to the next called?
Culture
What is a role?
The expected pattern of behaviour of an individual according to their status or position in society
What is the expected pattern of behaviour of an individual according to their status or positions in society called?
A role
What is status?
The position held by individuals relative to others within society
It is often defined by the amount of respect and prestige shown to them by others
What is the position held by individuals relative to others within society which is often defined by the amount of respect and prestige shown to them by others called?
Status
What are the two types of status?
Ascribed
Achieved
What is ascribed status?
It is given at birth, e.g. members of a royal family
What type of status is given at birth e.g. members of a royal family?
Ascribed status
What is achieved status?
Status gained through an individual’s own effort, e.g. educational achievements
What type of status is gained through an individual’s own effort, e.g. educational achievements?
Achieved status
What is socio-economic grouping?
The classification of individuals according to their economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education and occupation.
What is the classification of individuals according to their economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education and occupation called?
Socio-economic grouping
What are the three groups of socio-economic grouping in Ireland called?
Lower
Middle
Higher class
What is social mobility?
The movement of individuals between socio-economic groupings, e.g. from middle class to higher class. This may occur due to educational progression
What is the movement of individuals between socio-economic groupings, e.g. from middle class to higher class which may occur due to educational progression called?
Social mobility
What are social institutions?
Organised social arrangements found in many societies, e.g. family and marriages
What are organised social arrangements found in many societies, e.g. family and marriages called?
Social institutions
What is social change?
Changes that take place in society due to major developments
What are changes which take place in society due to major developments called?
Social change
What are some examples of social change?
Changes in technology, national or international events or law reform
What is an example of social change due to changes in technology?
Social media
What is an example of social change due to national or international events?
The Troubles in Northern Ireland
What is an example of social change due to law reform?
When divorce was legalised in Ireland in 1996 or gay marriage
