Chapter 17; Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

regular, even rhythmic breathing

A

eupnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

change in pattern of breathing producing shortness of breath or difficult breathing

A

dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

flat, elongated bone located in the midline of the anterior thoracic cage and consists of manubrium, the body and xiphoid process; commonly called the breast bone

A

sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where the manubrium joins the body of the sternum; horizontal ridge is formed

A

angle of louis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

long, slender, curved bones that articulated w/the manubrium @ the medial aspect

A

clavicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

group of bony landmarks used in the respiratory assessment; circle the body and help form horizontal reference points; 12 pairs

A

ribs

1st 7 that attach to the sternum are called true ribs

ribs 8-10 attach to the cartilage of the superior rib

ribs 11/12 are free floating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

located at the midline of the posterior portions of the thoracic cage; commonly called the spine

A

vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 imaginary vertical lines; sternal line, right and left midclavicular lines and the right and left anterior axillary lines

A

anterior thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

5 imaginary vertical lines , vertebral line, right/left scapular, posterior axillary

A

posterior thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 imaginary vertical lines, anterior/posterior axillary and mid-axillary lines

A

lateral thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how many right and left lung lobes?

A
right = 3
left = 2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

congenital defect that results in a thin membrane that obstructs the nasal passages

A

choanal atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

congenital defects of the cartilage in the larynx and trachea; air ways easily collapse

A

laryngomalacia and tracheomalcia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sound over trachea?

A

tracheal

harsh, high pitched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sound next to trachea, superior to each clavicle and in the first intercostal space?

A

bronchial

loud, high pitched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sound over major bronchi in the 2nd or 3rd intercostal spaces; between scapulae

A

bronchovesicular

medium loudness, medium pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sound in remainder of lungs

A

vesicular

soft, low pitched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

high pitched, short, cracking

end inspiration, do not clear w/cough

A

fine crackles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

loud, moist, low pitched, bubbling

end inspiration, do not clear w/cough

A

coarse crackles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

high pitched, continuous

expiration/inspiration when severe

A

wheezes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

low pitched, continuous, snoring, rattling

expiration/inspiration; change/disappear w/cough

A

rhonchi

22
Q

lough, high pitched crowing heard w/o stethoscope

inspiration

A

stridor

23
Q

low-pitched grating, rubbing

inhalation/exhalation

A

friction rub

24
Q

rapid, shallow breathing

A

tachypnea

25
Q

slow, regular breathing

A

bradypnea

26
Q

rapid, deep breathing

A

hyperventilation

27
Q

irregular, shallow breathing

A

hypoventilation

28
Q

periods of deep breathing alternating w/periods of apnea

A

cheyne-strokes

29
Q

shallw, deep respirations w/periods of apnea

A

biots (ataxic)

30
Q

prolonged expiration

A

obstructive breathing

31
Q

elliptical shaped w/ a lateral diameter that is larger than the anteroposterior diameter in 2:1 ratio

A

normal adult

32
Q

adult portion by age 6

A

child

33
Q

rounded in shape w/equal lateral and anteroposterior diameters

A

infant

34
Q

anteroposterior diameter is equal to the lateral diameter and the ribs are horizontal

A

barrel chest

35
Q

depression of the sternum and adjacent costal cartilage; lower portion where the body of the sternum meets the xiphoid process

A

pectus excavatum (funnel chest)

36
Q

forward displacement of the sternum w/depression of the adjacent costal cartilage

A

pectus carinatum (pigeon chest)

37
Q

lateral curvature and rotation of the thoracic and lumber spine; deviation greater than 45 degrees may cause distortion of the lung

A

scoliosis

38
Q

exaggerated posterior curvature of the thoracic cage; associated w/aging; “hump back”

A

kyphosis

39
Q

chronic hyperactive condition

wheezing
diminished/absent breath sounds
increased RR

A

ashtma

40
Q

collapse of alveoli

decreased or absent breath sounds
increased RR
dullness to percussion

A

atelectasis

41
Q

inflammation of the trancheobronchal tree

rhonchi
wheezes

A

chronic bronchitis

42
Q

over-inflation and damage to alveoli

barrel chest

A

emhysem

43
Q

infection of the alveoli

fever
decreased o2
increased RR
bronchial breath sounds
crackles
dullness to percussion over affected area
A

pneumonia

44
Q

fluid in pleural space

diminished of absent breath sounds
no voice transmission

A

pleural effusion

45
Q

complete collapse of lung

diminished or absent breath sounds
tracheal deviation to unaffected side

A

pneumothorax

46
Q

edema around alveoli

pulmonary congestion
wheeze and cracked
pallor
decreased chest wall
tracheal deviation to unaffected side
A

left heart failure/congestive heart failure

47
Q

respiratory fungal infection that occurs among populations in dry desert regions of central California, southern west US and Mexico

chest pain
chills
HA
fatigue
joint pain
A

valley fever

48
Q

ask patient to say 99

normal sound will be muffled
if crackles, hear 99 in stethoscope

A

bronchophony

49
Q

ask patient to say E

normal you will here E
abnormal sounds like A

A

egophony

50
Q

ask patient to whisper 123

normal, you won’t be able to hear it
abnormal you will hear them saying 123

A

whispered pectriloquy