Chapter 17 Fire Control Flashcards
What three criteria help determine the tactics in a interior offensive fire strategy?
Value. Time. Size.
Is intended to isolate or stabilize an incident and keep it from spreading.
Defensive strategy
Name four conditions when a defensive strategy would be chosen on a structure fire.
Excessive Volume of Fire. Structural Deterioration. Risk Outweighs the Benefit. Unfavorable Wind Conditions.
What strategy might be employed while waiting for more firefighters/resources to arrive?
Defensive to Offensive.
Employed when a situation rapidly changes. Follow with a PAR check.
Offensive to Defensive.
What type of withdrawal would involve leaving hose lines in place?
Emergency Evacuation ( if absolutely necessary)
Coordination between crews performing different tactics or task is what?
Crucial
Name three ways to maintain situational awareness.
Look, Listen, Communicate
Hoseline selection is depended on fire conditions and what other factors?
Fire load and material involved. Flow rate needed for extinguishment. Stream reach needed. Number of firefighters needed to advance lines. Need for speed or mobility. Tactical requirements. Ease of hoseline deployment. Potential Fire Spread. Size of Building. Size of Fire Area. Location of fire.
What is the minimum size hoseline that should be used on a interior fire attack?
1 1/2”
Name three functions of the back up hoseline.
Protect attack team from extreme fire behavior. Protect the means of egress for the attack team. Provide additional fire suppression in the event the fire increases in volume.
What size, flow rate, and nozzle type should a back up line be?
At least the same size and flow rate as the attack line, with a fog nozzle for protection.
Hose of 3/4” to 2” in diameter. Used for firefighting.
Small Diameter Hose Line (SDH)
Name four criteria that will determine the nozzle and stream selection.
Fire Conditions. Available water supply. Number of firefighters available to safely operate the hose line. Capabilities of the nozzle being used.
What nozzle is typically the most useful for a interior fire attack?
Fog nozzle.
If a fire attack is going to be made from the structures exterior, a solid stream nozzle may be the best option. Why?
Because it delivers the greatest amount of water over the farthest distance.
Attack line are generally placed to protect firefighter, occupants, and property. Name some other considerations to take when placing a attack line.
Wind Direction and Velocity. Building Construction. Initial Fire Location. Location of Occupants. Exposures.
List pre-entry considerations for firefighter safety and effectiveness.
Read fire behavior indicators. Understand tactical assignment. Identify egress. Evaluate forcible entry requirements. Identify hazards. Verify working radios and channel. Ensure SCBA is ready. Ensure PASS is ready. Do a buddy check.
Name three ways you can check if a door is hot before entering it.
Back of hand. TIC. Spray water on it.
The following two factors have changed the fire services understanding of fire behavior in structure fires.
Greater heat release rate of modern building materials and modern furnishings. Increased effect of wind on fire expansion and development.
Where should the wind be when you attar a fire?
At your back.
Name three fire attack methods.
Direct, indirect, combination
Attack method that involves the discharge of water or foam onto the burning fuel.
Direct
Form of fire attack that involves directing a fog stream at the ceiling in order to generate large amount of steam.
Indirect Attack
Attack method that extinguishes fire by using direct and indirect attack at the same time. Move nozzle in a Z, T, or Rotational pattern.
Combination Attack
A fire that is located in a remote part of the structure or hidden from view by objects in the compartment.
Shielded Fire
What type of fire is gas cooling effective with?
Shielded Fire
How should a fire be attacked in a muti story structure without stand pipes?
Through main entrance, up closet stairway to the fire location.
T or F Some departments allow elevators to transport personnel, equipment, and tools to the staging area (usually 2 floors below the fire floor)?
True
In a unfinished basement the first floor joist will fail quicker due to what?
No protection from drywall.
Factors that contribute to basement fires.
Fuel load, especially on the floor above. Age of exposed joist. Hidden fire paths in walls and ducts. Use of lightweight construction materials that are susceptible to rapid collapse.
Test have shown that floor joist may fail before the fire burn through what?
The floor decking.
UL test indicated that sounding the floor and using a TIC were not good indicators of floor stability. What must be inspected after the fire is out?
Visual inspection of floor joist.
If any exterior opening to the basement exist, use it to do what? Before entering.
Apply water and ventilate
Name three things that will influence firefighting tactics n a commercial basement fire.
Stand pipe connections. Ventilation and air flow paths. Amount of breathing air needed.
Name two forms of passive exposure protection.
Fire rated walls and doors
When performing exposure protection, the direct application of water is better then what?
A water curtain
What is the primary location for shutting power off?
The electric meter
Any voltage higher then 600 volts.
High Voltage
When these things are present removing the meter or shutting off the master switch may not turn the power off entirely.
Alternative energy sources
Most solar panels have two shut off switches, where are they most likely located?
One on each side of the power inverter.
Pure form it is methane. Flammability range of 5-15%. Nontoxic. Lighter then air. May displace O2 in confined spaces, considered a asphyxiate.
Natural Gas
Name two gases that are considered Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG).
Butane and Propane
No odor of its own. Asphyxiate. One and half times heavier then air. Explosive in ranges of 1.5-10%. A leak will produce a visible cloud of vapor that hugs the ground. A vapor cloud can be dissipated with a fog nozzle of at least 100gpm. Valve located on the line entering the structure and on the storage tank.
LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Why should caution be used when touching water pipes?
Ground wire may run on them.
What make a structure a protected structure?
Having some type of fire protection system.
Name four types of indicating valves that may be used on a sprinkler system.
OS&Y. Post Indicator Valve (PIV). Wall Post Indicator Valve (WPIV). Post Indicator Valve Assembly (PIVA)
Threaded portion is visible when the valve is open.
OS&Y
Post that contains a movable plate with the words OPEN and SHUT.
Post Indicator Valve. PIV
Similar to a PIV except it extends horizontally through the wall.
Wall Post Indicator Valve
Uses a flat disk. When the valve is open the disk is perpendicular to the surrounding plate. When the valve is closed the plate is inline with the plate surrendering it. Operated with a built in crank.
Post Indicator Valve Assembly (PIVA)
Name the four main uses of master streams.
Direct attack. Indirect attack. Supplement exterior handlines. Exposure protection.
Where should a master stream be placed?
In a location that allows the stream to cover the most surface area of a building, especially where large volume of water or needed and limited master streams are available.
Except for apparatus deck guns, how many firefighters would it take to deploy a master stream and the hose?
At least 2.
One firefighter should be placed at the master stream unless what?
It is placed in a hazardous area.