Chapter 11 Forcible Entry Flashcards
Techniques used by fire personnel to gain entry into buildings, vehicles, aircraft, or other areas of confinement when normal means of entry are locked or blocked.
Forcible Entry
What two steps should be taken prior to forcing entry?
Try before you pry, Look for a lockbox.
All types of door latches, locks, and locking devices.
Locksets
Name the three traditional lock types.
Mortise, Cylindrical, Rim
Common as a commercial exterior door.
Mortise Lock
Most common type of lockset found in residents. Some of the easiest to pry open. Two types; key in knob and tubular dead bolt.
Cylindrical Lock
Mounted on the inside of the door surface. Used as a supplemental lock for doors that may or may not have another lock type.
Rim Lock
Name three types of Rim Lock
Night Latch (door locks when it closes), Dead Bolt, Vertical dead bolt (impossible to open by spreading the door from the jamb).
Name three types of high security locks.
Multiple bolt locks (extends at least 2 dead bolts 1” long into jam), Electronic Keyless Locks (most operated by battery power, used in areas with continuous security and controlled access), Electromagnetic (Shutting off the power will release the door).
Name 5 locking devices.
Padlock, Drop Bar, Door Chain, Door Limiter, Surface Bolt, Internal Mounted Bolt.
Name two types of pad locks and their characteristics.
Standard ( shackles are 1/4’ or less, not case hardened steel) Heavy Duty (case hardened steel shackles longer then 1/4”, Many have “toe and heel” locking).
Classic supplemental locking devices for residential doors.
Door Chain
Similar to a supplemental security lock found in a hotel room.
Door Limiter
Flush bolts are installed in the edge of one side of a set of double doors. Permits one side to remain locked while the other door is used for entry or exit.
Internal Mounted Bolt
Name the four categories of forcible entry tools.
Cutting, Prying, Striking, Pushing/Pulling
Most common type of cutting tool for fire fighters.
Axe
Comes in a 6 or 8 lbs head. Used for cutting, prying, or digging.
Pick head Axe
Because of its versatility it can be used in both structural and ground cover fires.
Flat head Axe
Used to cut bolts, iron bars, pins, cables, hasp, chains, and some padlock shackles. Should not be used to cut case hardened steel.
Bolt Cutters
May be needed to cut security bars, grilles, or gates that can not be easily cut using bolt cutters, rebar cutters, or rotary saws.
Cutting Torch
Manually or powered hydraulic cutting tool. Used to cut rebar in concrete walls or security bars.
Rebar Cutters
Name four types of power saws used in the fire service.
Circular , Rotary, Reciprocating, Chain
Name three power sources for power saws.
Battery, Gasoline, Electric
T or F Never use a power saw in a flammable atmosphere. Its motor or sparks from cutting can ignite the atmosphere.
True
Can cut wood, masonry, or metal. Depends on what blade is on it. Spins up to 6000rpm
Rotary Saw
When equipped with the proper blade, this saw is ideal for cutting sheet metal body panels, structural components on cars, as well as metal doors and wall panels in structures.
Reciprocating Saw
Commonly used saw in forcible entry, ventilation, rescue, and overhaul. Powered by gasoline, electricity, compressed air, or hydraulic power. Should be equipped with kick back protection , chain brake, carbide tipped chain, and a depth gauge.
Chain Saw
Device consisting of a bar turning about a fixed point (fulcrum), using power of force applied at a second point to lift or sustain an object at a third point.
Lever
Support or point on which a lever turns in raising or moving something.
Fulcrum
Constructed from a single piece of high carbon steel, 30-36” long, One end is beveled into a wedge or fork. Opposite end may be a hook, pike tip, or adz (wedge at a right angle).
Manual Pry tools (includes rambars)
Hydraulic prying tools can be used in what three ways?
Prying, Pushing, Pulling
Good tool to use when more then one door must be forced.
Manually operated hydraulic door opener.
Pike poles and hooks (with the exception of the roofmans hook) should only be use for………
pushing or pulling. (not prying)
Solid steel bar with handles, fork on one end, rounded on the other end. Weighs 30-40 lbs. Operated by 1-4 firefighters.
Battering Ram
Rotating blades on a rotary saw will……..even after the throttle has been released.
continue to spin
Should be carried with any pointed or sharp edge away from the body.
Prying tool
While carrying outside have the head down and close to the ground. When inside have the head up and close to the body.
Pike poles and hooks
If it is operating never carry it more then 10’. Carry with the blade forward and down.
Power Tool
T or F Tools that are damaged or excessively worn should be removed from service, tagged, and sent to the proper authority for repair or replacement.
True
Weakens the cutting edge of a tool.
Grinding (should be hand filled)
When oiling the metal surfaces of a tool you should not use oil with what?
1-1-1 trichloroethane.
Should oil be applied to the striking surface of a tool?
No
Inspected power tools periodically and ensure they will start …….
Manually
Most conventional method of forcible entry used in the fire service.
Forcing entry through doors
One of the fastest and least destructive ways of forcing a locked door.
Breaking the door glass or sidelight next to it.
The most common type of door is one that
swings 90 degrees to open and close.
Double acting swinging doors can swing up to how many degrees?
180
If you can see the hinges of the door, it swings what direction?
Towards you
A rotary saw can be used to force a door open by doing what?
Cutting around the lock mechanism to separate the door from the lock.
Hydraulic spreading tool that is designed to open doors that swing inward.
Rabbit Tool
On a outward swinging door (flush mount) if the hinges are solid so the pins can not be driven out how can the hinges be broken off?
With a rambar or halligan. Also can be cut with a rotary saw or cutting torch.
What can be used to cut a dead bolt?
A rotary saw with the proper blade, inserted into the space between the doors or door and jamb.
Name three ways that a drop bar can be removed.
Lift it with a handsaw blade. Cut the exposed bolt heads to remove the stirrups. Insert a rotary blade in between the two doors to cut the bar.
Type of glass specially treated to become harder and more than plate glass or a single sheet of laminated glass. Resist heat. Break as a last resort. Strike at the bottom corner with a pick head axe. Cover with a barrier or salvage cover to reduce chances of injury.
Tempered Plate Glass
Name two techniques on forcing a sliding patio door.
Break the glass, lifting the sliding panel up and out of the track.
How would a pocket door be forced open.
The same way a swinging door is forced.
The preferred method for many commercial, residential, padlocks, and high security doors. Very effective technique that does minimal damage to the door when performed correctly.
Through the lock forcible entry
Name 4 special tools that may be needed to complete through the lock forcible entry.
K-tool, J-tool, A-tool, Shove Knife.
Only a 1/2” clearance is need between the lock and jam to use this tool for through the lock entry.
K-tool
Developed to force entry on locks manufactured with collars or protective cone shaped covers over them to prevent the lock cylinder from being unscrewed. Designed to cut behind the protective collar and maintain a hold so the lock cylinder can be pried out.
A-Tool
Designed to fit between a pair of double doors with panic hardware. Should be inserted far enough so that it can rotate 90 degrees in each direction. Used to catch then pull on the panic hardware, opening the door.
J-Tool
Resembles a wide blade putty knife with a notch cut in one edge of the blade. Provides rapid accesses to outward swinging latch type doors.
Shove Knife
Name 5 tools designed for breaking padlocks.
Duck billed lock breakers, Hammerhead pick, Locking Pliers and chain, Hockey puck lock breaker, Bab-bam tool.
Case harden screw that is screwed into the key way. After it is set a few firm quick pulls on the sliding hammer will pull the lock tumbler out. A screw driver can then be used to trigger the locking mechanism.
Bam-bam tools
What tool is best to use when forcing a overhead door and how high should it be used?
Rotary saw, cut a square or rectangular opening about 6’ tall.
What should be used to remove the wire in wire glass?
A sharp tool, such as a axe.
Windows that should only be opened as a last resort.
Fixed single pain windows.
T or F Forcible entry techniques for double hung (check rail) windows depends on how the window is locked and the material the sash frame is made of.
True
Casement windows are also called what?
crank out windows
Consist of sections of glass about 1’ high x the length of the window width. Hinged at the top rail, bottom rail swings out. Forcible entry requires the glass to be removed or the frame to be pried out.
Awning windows (hopper windows similar)
Consist of small sections about 4 inches high x the window width. Each glass pane is held in the movable frame only on the ends. Operating crank and gear housing are at the bottom of the window. It may be more useful to cut around the wall of the window and remove the window.
Jalousie (louvered) window
What tool can be used to breach a hurricane window?
An axe or the adz end of a halligan. Break it in a similar fashion as breaking a windshield.
How should hurricane shutters be removed?
Cut them with a rotary saw with a aluminum oxide blade or break the lag bolts using a halligan.
Similar to hurricane windows, these windows have break resistant plastic panes instead of glass. Lexan is 250 times stronger then safety glass. Will have a plastic sound when tapped, may appear wavy or have distortions on the sides. Breach with a rotary saw or striking tool.
High Security Windows
Name two tips to use if breaching a Lexan window with a rotary saw.
Use a carbide 40 tooth blade. Make horizontal cuts first.
What are strong backs?
Horizontal boards used to secure plywood in a HUD window covering.
Similar to HUD windows, these use metal parts and cables. Found on banks, mortgage companies, and other buildings that owners want to prevent entry and vandalism to the vacant building.
Vacant Protection System (VPS)
T or F If there are sufficient resources, all security bars should be removed to allow for emergency egress to crews working inside a building.
True
Name four ways to remove a security bars.
Remove bolts with a adz end of a halligan. Cut the bolt head with a rotary saw. Use the pick end of the halligan to break the masonry out around the bolt. Cut the bar and or grill frame with rebar cutters.
The act of creating a hole in a wall or floor to gain access to a structure or portion of a structure.
Breaching
T or F Firefighters can cut wood framed walls with an axe or shatter them with a sledge hammer before prying the wall open using a crow bar or halligan.
True
T of F Using a battering ram to breach a masonry wall is only practical if a small hole is made through which water can be applied to a fire on the other side of the wall.
True
What tools are best for breaching brick and concrete walls.
Power tools such as rotary saws with masonry blades or pneumatic or electric jack hammers.
Breaching concrete walls should be done when?
Only as a absolutely last resort.
Looks identical to wall board but has a layer of Lexan behind the wall board.
Reinforced Gypsum walls
Name three reasons a floor may need to be breached.
Ventilation, Apply water to a fire, Rescue
Sub floor construction is limited to what two materials?
Wood and concrete
The most efficient tool for breaching a concrete tool is what>
Pneumatic or electric jack hammer
Rapidly using a jack hammer to cut a line of holes in a concrete floor.
Stitch drill
A stitch drill technique can also be used for what type of nozzle application?
Penetrating nozzle.
What type of fences are easier and faster to go over then through?
Masonry and ornamental metal.
What methods may be used as a last resort to force open a gate?
Prying the gate open or forcing it open with the apparatus bumper.
