Chapter 13 Tactical Ventilation Flashcards
Term that refers to the removal of heated air,smoke,and fire gases from a structure and replacing them with cooler air.
Ventilation
The planned systematic and coordinated removal of heated air, smoke, gases or other airborne contaminants from a structure, replacing them with cooler, fresher air to meet the three incident priorities.
Tactical Ventilation
Controlling and extinguishing fire in stages is what?
Incident stabilization.
A houses foot print size for residential homes have increased …………….between 1973 and 2008. In addition the lot sizes have decreased …………,reducing firefighter access and increasing potential exposure risk.
150 percent, 25 percent.
Name four fire behavior indicators that should be considered in a tactical ventilation.
Smoke, Air Flow, Heat, Flame
Name four smoke indicators that can paint a picture of interior fire conditions.
Volume of smoke. Location of smoke discharge. Smoke color,density, and pressure. Movement of smoke
The movement of air toward burning fuel and the movement of smoke out of the compartment or structure.
Air flow
Name four air flow indicators.
Velocity. Turbulence. Direction. Movement of the neutral plane.
Name two causes of air flow.
Pressure differentials between the outside and inside. Differences in density between the hot smoke and cooler air.
The connection between the inlet and the outlet.
Flow path
Name three heat indicators.
Blistering paint. Bubbling roof tar. Crazed glass.
Name two primary considerations in determining if tactical ventilation should be used.
Stage of fire. Whether the fire is fuel or ventilation controlled.
Weather conditions such as wind, temp, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, and relative humidity all can effect tactical ventilation. Which of these has the largest effect?
Wind
List tools that are used to complete tactical ventilation.
Forcible entry tools. Power Saws. Fans or Blowers. Smoke Ejectors. Flexible Duct, Stacking and Hanging Devices. Support Systems. Electrical power cords. Generators/
T or F For vertical ventilation to be effective, a horizontal inlet opening at or below the level of the fire is needed to provide a flow patch for fresh air to enter the structure.
True
Name two types of tactical ventilation.
Horizontal and Verical
Name the means of horizontal and/or vertical ventilation.
Natural, Mechanical, Hydraulic
What means of ventilation should be chosen when a fire is burning below ground in a structure?
Mechanical or Hydraulic
Can horizontal ventilation be effective in buildings with daylight basements?
Yes
When performing natural ventilation should the outlet or inlet be opened first?
outlet on the leeward side.
Oldest type of mechanical ventilation. Smoke is pulled from the structure. Fresh air is drawn in. Fans should be on the leeward side to work with the wind and not against it.
Negative pressure ventilation
The flow path should be keep as ……….as possible. Every corner causes turbulence and decreases ventilation efficiency.
straight
The direction opposite from which the wind is blowing. The protected side.
Leeward side